Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrates on triglyceride, cholesterol and fatty acid concentrations in abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Six semi-purified diets with different carbohydrates (dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch, wheat starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch, respectively), all containing a carbohydrate level of 33.5%, were fed to abalone (initial shell length: 29.98 mm ± 0.09 mm; initial weight: 3.42 g ± 0.02 g) for 24 weeks in a recirculation system. The results indicate that serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch and wheat starch than those fed with corn starch, and serum cholesterol concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the abalone fed with dextrin, heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch. Fatty acid C20:4n-6 in the foot muscles were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin than those fed with wheat starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch. Fatty acid C20:4n-6 in hepatopancreas was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in abalone fed with heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch. Fatty acid C22:6n-3 in the foot muscles were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the abalone fed with dextrin and heat-treated wheat starch than those fed with wheat starch and potato starch.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
AOAC, 1995. Agriculture chemical, contaminants, drug. In: Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. Vol. I. 16th edition. AOAC International, Arlington, VA., 69–78.
Chan, J. K., Bruce, V. M., and McDonald, B. E., 1991. Dietary a-linolenic acid is as effective as oleic acid and linoleic acid in lowering blood cholesterol in normolipidemic men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 53: 1230–1234.
Cruz-Suárez, L. E., Ricque-Marie, D., Pinal-Mansilla, J. D., and Ebelling, P. W., 1994. Effect of different carbohydrate sources on the growth of Penaeus vannamei: economical impact. Aquaculture, 123: 349–360.
Degani, G., and Dosoretz, C., 1998. Source of dietary carbohydrate, how it affects fatty acid composition in European eels (Anguilla anguilla). J. Aquacult. Trop., 13: 261–268.
Du, S., and Mai, K., 2000. Ontogenetic changes in the activity of main didestive enzyme during the larval and juvenile stages of abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. J. Shellfish Res., 19: 510.
Fleming, A. E., Barneveld, R. J. V., and Hone, P. E., 1996. The development of artificial diets for abalone: A review and future directions. Aquaculture, 140: 5–53.
Guraya, H. S., and Toledo, R. T., 1993. Determining gelatinized starch in a dry starchy product. J. Food Sci., 58: 888–889.
Halver, J. E., and Hardy, R. W., 2002. Fish Nutrition. Academic Press, New York, 182–332.
Holland, D. L., 1978. Lipid reserves and energy metabolism in the larvae of benthic marine invertebrates. In: Biochemical and Biophysical Perspectives in Marine Biology. Malins, D. C., and Sargent, R., eds., Academic Press, London, 4: 85–123.
Knauer, J., Britz, P. J., and Hetch, T., 1996. Comparative growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of juvenile South African abalone, Haliotis midae, fed on diatoms and a practical diet. Aquaculture, 140: 75–85.
Kumar, S., Sahu, N. P., Pal, A. K., Choudhury, D., and Mukherjee, S. C., 2006. Studies on digestibility and digestive enzyme activities in Labeo rohita (Hamilton) juveniles: effect of microbial α-amylase supplementation in non-gelatinized or gelatinized corn-based diet at two protein levels. Fish Physiol. Biochem., 32: 209–220.
Lee, S. M., Kim, K. D., and Lall, S. P., 2003. Utilization of glucose, maltose, dextrin and cellulose by juvenile flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture, 221: 427–438.
Mai, K., Mercer, J. P., and Donlon, J., 1995a. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone, Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. III. Response of abalone to various levels of dietary lipids. Aquaculture, 134: 65–80.
Mai, K., Mercer, J. P., and Donlon, J., 1995b. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. IV. Optimum dietary protein level for growth. Aquaculture, 136: 165–180.
Mai, K., Mercer, J. P., and Donlon, J., 1996. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone, Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. V. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids of macroalgae in abalone nutrition. Aquaculture, 139: 77–89.
Metcalfe, L. D., Schmitz, A. A., and Pelka, J. R., 1966. Rapid preparation of fatty acid esters from lipids for gas chromatographic analysis. Anal. Chem., 38: 514–515.
Sargent, J. R., 1976. The structure, metabolism and function of lipids in marine organisms. In: Biochemical and Biophysical Perspectives in Marine Biology. Malins, D. C., and Sargent, R., eds., Academic Press, London, 3: 149–212.
Shen, T., and Wang, J. Y., 1991. Biochemistry. 2nd edition. Higher Education Press, Beijing, 401–416.
Tan, B., and Mai, K., 2001. Zinc methionine and zinc sulfate as sources of dietary zinc for juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Aquaculture, 192: 67–84.
Tiku, P. E., Gracey, A. Y., Macartney, A. I., Beynon, R. J., and Cossins, A. R., 1996. Cold-induced expression of Δ9-desaturase in carp by transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms. Science, 271: 815–818.
Vijaimohan, K., Jainu, M., Sabitha, K. E., Subramaniyam, S., Anandhan, C., and Shyamala Devi, C. S., 2006. Beneficial effects of alpha linolenic acid rich flaxseed oil on growth performance and hepatic cholesterol metabolism in high fat diet fed rats. Life Sci., 79: 448–454.
Wilson, R. P., 1994. Utilization of dietary carbohydrate by fish. Aquaculture, 124: 67–80.
Xu, W., Mai, K. S., and Wang, Z. L., 2004. Study on nutritional physiology of essential fatty acids in abalone. J. Ocean Univ. Chin., 34: 983–987 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao, Q., Yue, X. X., Mao, D. R., and Zhang, G. S., 2005. Comparative study of physical properties of four kinds of commonly used starches. Food Mach., 21: 22–24 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, W., Mai, K., Zhang, W. et al. Effects of dietary carbohydrates sources on lipids compositions in abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino. J. Ocean Univ. China 8, 254–258 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-009-0254-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-009-0254-y