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Myokardiale Perfusion und Vitalität

MRT vs. Szintigraphie

Myocardial perfusion and viability MRI vs. SPECT

  • Published:
Clinical Research in Cardiology Supplements Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Seit Jahrzehnten wird die myokardiale Perfusionsszintigraphie als Single-Photon-Emissions-Computertomographie (SPECT) unter ergometrischer oder medikamentöser Belastung und Applikation von Technetium(Tc)-99m Sestamibi (Mibi) zur Abklärung einer stenosierenden KHK eingesetzt. Die kardiale Magnetresonanztomographie (Kardio-MRT) unter EKG-Triggerung und medikamentöser Belastung (Stress-MRT) hat für die KHK-Abklärung an Bedeutung gewonnen. Sinnvoll ist der Einsatz beider Methoden bei einem mittleren Risikoprofil für Vorliegen einer stenosierenden KHK. Die Sensitivität und Spezifität beider Methoden ist für den Nachweis eines stressinduzierbaren Perfusionsdefizits vergleichbar. Für Indikationen bezüglich der myokardialen Vitalität hat sich die MRT als Goldstandard etabliert. Inzwischen wird die MRT als Methode ohne assoziierte radioaktive Strahlung in vielen Zentren vorzugsweise eingesetzt. Alternativ kann szintigraphisch untersucht werden bei nicht-MRT-kompatiblen Metallimplantaten, einer renalen Clearance von <30 ml/min und der Unfähigkeit, einen Atemstillstand von 15–30 s einzuhalten. Bei KI gegen das häufig im Rahmen der Stress-MRT eingesetzte Adenosin ist alternativ eine ergometrische Belastung in der Szintigraphie möglich.

Abstract

Stress single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with technetium(Tc)-99m sestamibi, performed either as pharmacological stress testing or after ergometry is accepted for the assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD). Increasing numbers of centers offer cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Pharmacological stress testing can be also performed as first-pass myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after i.v. injection of adenosine. Sensitivity and specificity concerning the detection of stress-induced perfusion deficits are comparable for CMR and SPECT. CMR can be regarded as the gold standard concerning myocardial viability. CMR does not involve radioactive radiation and may be preferred in many cases. If patients present with contraindications for MRI, SPECT can be offered. SPECT can be performed in patients with non-MRI compatible implants, renal insufficiency with a clearance of less than 30 ml/min, or if patients are unable to hold their breath over a period of 15–30 seconds. SPECT after bicycle ergometry is an option in cases with contraindications against adenosine.

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Correspondence to C. T. Kadalie.

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Kadalie, C.T. Myokardiale Perfusion und Vitalität. Clin Res Cardiol Suppl 3, 58–64 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11789-008-0047-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11789-008-0047-7

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