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Study of aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train with wings moving through a tunnel

升力翼列车通过隧道的气动效应研究

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Abstract

A high-speed train with wings (HSTW) is a new type of train that enhances aerodynamic lift by adding wings, effectively reducing gravity, to reduce the wear and tear of wheels and rails. This study, based on the RNG k−ε turbulence model and employing a sliding grid method, investigates the aerodynamic effects of HSTWs with different angles of attack when passing through tunnels. The precision of numerical simulation method is validated by data obtained through a moving model test. The results show that the lift of the HSTW increases upon entering the tunnel, with an average lift in the tunnel of 33.3% greater than that in the open air. The angle of attack is reduced from 12.5° to 7.5° when the train enters the tunnel, which can better reduce the lift fluctuations and concurrently also reduce the peak-to-peak pressure on the surface of the train and the tunnel, which is conducive to the train passing through the tunnel smoothly; hence, the angle of attack for the HSTW when passing through a tunnel is adjusted 7.5°. Furthermore, a comparison between the high-speed trains with and without wings demonstrates that the frontal pressure of the trains increases due to the blockage effect caused by the wings, while the rear of the trains experiences decreased pressure, which is primarily influenced by the wing wake. The outcomes of this study provide technical support for HSTWs passing smoothly through tunnels.

摘要

升力翼列车是一种通过增加升力翼来提升气动升力的新概念列车,可等效降低自身重力,有效 减少轮轨磨损。本研究基于RNG k−ε 湍流模型,采用滑移网格模拟方法,研究了不同攻角升力翼列车 通过隧道的气动效应,并通过动模型实验数据对数值计算方法的精度进行验证。研究结果表明:升力 翼列车进入隧道后列车升力增大,相较于明线,隧道内平均升力增加了33.3%;在进入隧道时攻角由 12.5°减小为7.5°,可以较好地减小进入隧道时的升力波动,同时也可减小列车和隧道表面的压力峰 值,有利于列车平稳通过隧道。通过对比有、无升力翼的列车可发现,车体前端主要受到升力翼增加 车隧阻塞比的影响,而压力上升;车体后端主要受到升力翼尾流的影响,压力降低。本研究结果可为 升力翼列车平稳通过隧道提供技术支持。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China

    Tian-tian Wang  (王田天), Da-fei Huang  (黄大飞) & Fang-cheng Shi  (施方成)

  2. Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China

    Tian-tian Wang  (王田天), Jun-yan Wang  (王军彦), Lei Zhang  (张雷) & Guang-jun Gao  (高广军)

  3. CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd, Changchun, 130062, China

    Yan Zhu  (朱彦)

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  1. Tian-tian Wang  (王田天)
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Contributions

WANG Tian-tian developed the overarching research goals and revised the manuscript. HUANG Da-fei edited the draft of the manuscript and provided the conceptualization and formal analysis. WANG Jun-yan conducted the literature review and edited the manuscript. SHI Fang-cheng gave guidance. ZHU Yan, ZHANG Lei, and GAO Guang-jun edited the draft of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jun-yan Wang  (王军彦).

Ethics declarations

WANG Tian-tian, HUANG Da-fei, WANG Jun-yan, SHI Fang-cheng, ZHU Yan, ZHANG Lei, and GAO Guang-jun declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Foundation item: Projects(2020YFA0710903-C, 2020YFA0710904-02) supported by the National Key R&D Program of China; Projects (52078199, 52322215, 52388102, U2368213) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (P2021J036) supported by the China National Railway Group Limited; Project (2020QNRC001) supported by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST, China

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Wang, Tt., Huang, Df., Wang, Jy. et al. Study of aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train with wings moving through a tunnel. J. Cent. South Univ. 31, 1003–1016 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-024-5597-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-024-5597-4

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