Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Review of optimized layout of electric vehicle charging infrastructures

电动汽车充电设施优化布局研究综述

  • Published:
Journal of Central South University Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Electric vehicle is a kind of new energy vehicle which uses batteries as energy supply unit. A huge gap in charging infrastructures will be created by the expansion of electric vehicles. The effectiveness and rationality of charging facilities will directly affect the convenience and economy of the users, as well as the safe operation of the power grid. Three types of charging facilities: charging pile, charging station and battery swap station are introduced in this paper. According to the different methods of charging infrastructure planning, the research status of the method of determining charging demand points is expounded. And the spatial distribution of charging demand points extracted by the current site selection method has a certain deviation. Then the models and algorithms of charging infrastructure optimized layout are reviewed. Currently, many researches focus on three categories optimization objectives: benefit of power company side, investment cost of charging facility and user side cost, and the genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization are the main solving algorithms. Finally, the relative methods and development trend of the charging infrastructures optimized layout are summarized, and some suggestions on the optimized layout of electric vehicle charging infrastructures are given forward.

摘要

电动汽车是一种依靠蓄电池作为能量源的新能源汽车, 电动汽车规模的扩大将造成巨大的充电 设施配建缺口. 充电设施建设的有效性和合理性会直接影响用户充电的便利性和经济性, 以及电网的 安全运行. 本文首先介绍了充电设施的三种类型: 充电桩、充电站和换电站, 并根据充电设施规划方 法的不同, 阐述了目前国内外对确定充电需求点方法的研究现状, 发现目前选址方法提取出的充电需 求点的空间分布与实际情况存在一定的偏差. 然后, 对充电设施优化布局的模型建立和求解算法进行 了综述, 目前研究的约束条件多与电网侧容量、电压、充电点数量以及服务范围等相关, 对于充电设 施优化模型的求解算法多以遗传算法和粒子群算法为主. 最后, 总结了充电设施优化布局的相关方法 与发展趋势, 并对电动汽车充电设施建设提出了一些建议.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  1. GONG Li-li, CAO Wu, LIU Kang-li, ZHAO Jian-feng. Optimal charging strategy for electric vehicles in residential charging station under dynamic spike pricing policy [J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2020, 63: 102474. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. VASANT P M, RAHMAN I, BALBIR S M S, ABDULLAH-AL-WADUD M. Optimal power allocation scheme for plugin hybrid electric vehicles using swarm intelligence techniques [J]. Cogent Engineering, 2016, 3(1): 1203083. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2016.1203083.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. RAHMAN I, MOHAMAD-SALEH J. Plug-in electric vehicle charging optimization using bio-inspired computational intelligence methods [J]. Sustainable Interdependent Networks, 2018: 135–147. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74412-4_9.

  4. ADNAN N M VASANT P. Adoption of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle among Malaysian consumers [J]. Industrial Engineering & Management, 2016, 5(2): 1000185. DOI:https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0316.1000185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. HE Ya-wei, KOCKELMAN K M, PERRINE K A. Optimal locations of US fast charging stations for long-distance trip completion by battery electric vehicles [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 214: 452–461. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. TAO Ye, HUANG Miao-hua, CHEN Yu-pu, YANG Lan. Orderly charging strategy of battery electric vehicle driven by real-world driving data [J]. Energy, 2020, 193: 116806. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.116806.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. RAHMAN I, VASANT P M, SINGH B S M, ABDULLAH-AL-WADUD M, ADNAN N. Review of recent trends in optimization techniques for plug-in hybrid, and electric vehicle charging infrastructures [J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, 58: 1039–1047. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. GE Shao-yun, FENG Liang, LIU Hong, WANG Long. Planning of charging stations considering traffic flow and capacity constraints of distribution network [J]. Power System Technology, 2013, 37(3): 582–589. DOI:https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2013.03.018. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  9. YAO Can-zhong, LUO Jie. Deployment of a charging network based on a cost-benefit model and the CFSFDP algorithm [J]. Kybernetes, 2019, 48(9): 1989–2005. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1108/k-08-2018-0420.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. ZHOU Tian-pei, SUN Wei. Multi-objective optimal scheduling of electric vehicles for charging route based on utilization rate of charging device [J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2019, 47(4): 115–123. DOI:https://doi.org/10.7667/PSPC180279.

    Google Scholar 

  11. YAN Jun, YAN Feng. Location method of charging and swapping service facilities based on a two-step planning [J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2018, 46(14): 48–56. DOI:https://doi.org/10.7667/PSPC171089. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  12. DONG Jing, LIU Chang-zheng, LIN Zhen-hong. Charging infrastructure planning for promoting battery electric vehicles: An activity-based approach using multiday travel data [J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2014, 38: 44–55. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2013.11.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. WANG Mei-chen, YANG Ruo-lin, XI Dian-bing, SUN Xin-yu. The location and layout of urban charging stations based ondifferential competing-species model [J]. Electrical Engineering, 2019, 20(2): 18–22. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  14. OTHMAN A M, GABBAR H A, PINO F, REPETTO M. Optimal electrical fast charging stations by enhanced descent gradient and Voronoi diagram [J]. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 2020, 83: 106574. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2020.106574.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. ZHOU Bo, CHEN Guo, HUANG Ting-wen, SONG Qian-kun, YUAN Yue-fei. Planning PEV fast-charging stations using data-driven distributionally robust optimization approach based on φ-divergence [J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2020, 6(1): 170–180. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2020.2971825.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. YANG Yu, ZHANG Yong-ku, MENG Xiang-fu. A data-driven approach for optimizing the EV charging stations network [J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 118572–118592. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3004715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. JIA Long, HU Ze-chun, SONG Yong-hua, LUO Zhuo-wei. Optimal siting and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations [C]// 2012 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference. 2012: 1–6. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/IEVC.2012.6183283.

  18. TANG Xian-gang, LIU Jun-yong, LIU You-bo, FENG Han, XIE Lian-fang, MA Wei. Electric vehicle charging station planning based on computational geometry method [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012, 36(8): 24–30. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  19. ZHANG Cheng, TENG Huan. Planning model and evaluation method for electric vehicle charging station [J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2014, 26(1): 49–52. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  20. CAI Hua, JIA Xiao-ping, CHIU A S F, HU Xiao-jun, XU Ming. Siting public electric vehicle charging stations in Beijing using big-data informed travel patterns of the taxi fleet [J]. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2014, 33: 39–46. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2014.09.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. YANG Jie, DONG Jing, HU Liang. A data-driven optimization-based approach for siting and sizing of electric taxi charging stations [J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2017, 77: 462–477. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.02.014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. CHEN T D, KOCKELMAN K M, KHAN M. Locating electric vehicle charging stations: Parking-based assignment method for Seattle, Washington [J]. Transportation Research Record, 2013, 2385(1): 28–36. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3141/2385-04.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. SONG Zhi-cheng, WANG Xun, LUN Li, CHEN Shou-kun. Site planning of EV charging stations based on the maximum profits [J]. Journal of East China Jiaotong University, 2014, 31(1): 50–55. DOI:https://doi.org/10.16749/j.cnki.jecjtu.2014.01.015. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  24. SHAHRAKI N, CAI Hua, TURKAY M, XU Ming. Optimal locations of electric public charging stations using real world vehicle travel patterns [J]. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2015, 41: 165–176. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2015.09.011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. LIU Zhi-peng, WEN Fu-shuan, LEDWICH G. Optimal planning of electric-vehicle charging stations in distribution systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2013, 28(1): 102–110. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2012.2223489.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. GE Shao-yun, FENG Liang, LIU Hong. The planning of electric vehicle charging station based on Grid partition method [C]// 2011 International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering. Yichang, China: IEEE, 2011: 2726–2730. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECENG.2011.6057636.

    Google Scholar 

  27. ZHAO Shu-qiang, LI Zhi-wei. Optimal planning of charging station for electric vehicle based on PSODE algorithm [J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 2015, 42(2): 1–7. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  28. NIE Y, GHAMAMI M. A corridor-centric approach to planning electric vehicle charging infrastructure [J]. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2013, 57: 172–190. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2013.08.010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. CHENG Yu, TAO Ji. Optimal planning model of electric bus charging network under fast charging mode [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(S2): 586–595. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L80558. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  30. YANG Jie-qing, JIANG Xiao-xue, ZHAO Ke-quan. Multi-objective optimization method of location and capacity determination problems of highway charging stations [J]. Journal of Chongqing Normal University: Natural Science Edition, 2021, 38(1): 11–21. DOI:https://doi.org/10.11721/cqnuj20200611.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. KONG Wei-wei, LUO Yu-gong, FENG Gui-xuan, LI Ke-qiang, PENG Huei. Optimal location planning method of fast charging station for electric vehicles considering operators, drivers, vehicles, traffic flow and power grid [J]. Energy, 2019, 186: 115826. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.07.156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. WANG Hui, WANG Gui-bin, ZHAO Jun-hua, WEN Fu-shuan, LI Jie. Optimal planning for electric vehicle charging stations considering traffic network flows [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 37(13): 63–69. DOI:https://doi.org/10.7500/AEPS201211031. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  33. ZHAO Yi-qi, GUO Ye, GUO Qing-lai, ZHANG Hong-cai, SUN Hong-bin. Deployment of the electric vehicle charging station considering existing competitors [J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2020, 11(5): 4236–4248. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2020.2991232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. GAO Ci-wei, ZHANG Liang, XUE Fei, LIU Hong-chao. Study on capacity and site planning of large-scale centralized charging stations [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(31): 27–34, 215. DOI:https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2012.31.008. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  35. CHEN Guang, MAO Zhao-lei, LI Ji-yuan, WANG Dong-ju, ZHOU Hao, SUN Ke. Multi-objective optimal planning of electric vehicle charging stations considering carbon emission [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38(17): 49–53,136. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  36. LIU Jia-yan, PEPER J, LIN Gang, ZHOU Yang, AWASTHI S, LI Yong, REHTANZ C. A planning strategy considering multiple factors for electric vehicle charging stations along German motorways [J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2021, 124: 106379. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. LIU Qi, LIU Jia-hao, LE Wei-wei, GUO Zhao-xia, HE Zheng-gang. Data-driven intelligent location of public charging stations for electric vehicles [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 232: 531–541. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.388.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. DING Dan-jun, DAI Kang, ZHANG Xin-song, GU Ju-ping, ZHOU Hui, QIAN Ke-jun. Network planning for electric vehicle charging based on fuzzy multi-objective optimization [J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2018, 46(3): 43–50. DOI:https://doi.org/10.7667/PSPC170006. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  39. YING Xia-hui, LI Jin-xia, CHEN Jin-sheng. Optimization study of the sitting of electric vehicle charging stations [J]. Technology & Economy in Areas of Communications, 2014, 16(1): 43–46. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19348/j.cnki.issn1008-5696.2014.01.012. (in Chinese)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  40. YANG Xian-qing, LIU Fa-sheng, YANG Ling-ling. Study on the site selection optimization of electric vehicle charging station [J]. Technology & Economy in Areas of Communications, 2016, 18(3): 14–18. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19348/j.cnki.issn1008-5696.2016.03.004. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  41. LIU Fei. Based on genetic algorithm optimal layout of electric vehicle charging station [J]. Electric Power Science and Engineering, 2015, 31(8): 37–42, 54. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  42. SHU Jun, TANG Gang, HAN Bing. Two-stage method for optimal planning of electric vehicle charging station [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(3): 10–17. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.2017.03.002. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  43. TAO Ye, HUANG Miao-hua, YANG Lan. Data-driven optimized layout of battery electric vehicle charging infrastructure [J]. Energy, 2018, 150: 735–744. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. VAZIFEH M M, ZHANG Hong-mou, SANTI P, RATTI C. Optimizing the deployment of electric vehicle charging stations using pervasive mobility data [J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2019, 121: 75–91. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.01.002.

    Google Scholar 

  45. QIU Jin-peng, NIU Dong-xiao, ZHU Guo-dong. Optimized layout of charging station for electric vehicle based on firefly algorithm [J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 2016, 43(5): 105–110. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  46. SHAO Sai, GUAN Wei, BI Jun. Charging station location problem with queue and range in competitive multi-site service system [J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2016, 16(6): 169–175. DOI:https://doi.org/10.16097/j.cnki.1009-6744.2016.06.026. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  47. JIA He-ping, LIU Shu-gang, XIE Sheng-li, HUANG Shi-long, PEI Shao-tong. The location model of the electric vehicle charging station based on simulated annealing algorithm [J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013, 805–806: 1895–1899. DOI:https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1895.

    Google Scholar 

  48. LIU Zi-fa, ZHANG Wei, JI Xing, LI Ke. Optimal Planning of charging station for electric vehicle based on particle swarm optimization [C]// IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies. IEEE, 2012. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2012.6303112.

  49. XU Hao, MIAO Shi-hong, ZHANG Chun-yong, SHI Dongyuan. Optimal placement of charging infrastructures for large-scale integration of pure electric vehicles into grid [J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2013, 53: 159–165. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.04.022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. WANG Ze-li, QI Can. Optimal scale and layout of electric vehicle charging station [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2014, 35(4): 132–136. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  51. HUANG Xiao-qing, YANG Hang, CHEN Jie, JIANG Lei, CAO Yi-jia. Optimal planning of electric vehicle charging stations based on life cycle cost and quantum genetic algorithm [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(17): 176–182. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  52. ZHANG Hao, TANG Lei, YANG Chen, LAN Shu-lin. Locating electric vehicle charging stations with service capacity using the improved whale optimization algorithm [J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 2019, 41: 100901. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2019.02.006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. QI Lin, YAO Jian, WANG Xin-yue. Optimizing layout of electric vehicle charging station based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm [J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2017, 34(6): 136–143. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  54. XU Fang-wei, TAN Yang-yang, YANG Hong-geng, TENG Yu-fei, ZHANG Xi, YIN Qing. Optimal planning of centralized charging stations considering benefits for different roles [J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(4): 1256–1262. DOI:https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20170328024. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  55. SHOJAABADI S, ABAPOUR S, ABAPOUR M, NAHAVANDI A. Optimal planning of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging station in distribution network considering demand response programs and uncertainties [J]. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2016, 10(13): 3330–3340. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.0312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. LI Jing-hua, ZHANG Zheng, FANG Da, ZHANG Xin-yi, JU Mo-xin. Optimal planning of charging station for electric vehicle based on hybrid differential evolution and bee colony algorithm [J]. Journal of Northeast Dianli University, 2016, 36(4): 84–90. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1005-2992.2016.04.015. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  57. SUO Li, TANG Wei, BAI Mu-ke, ZHANG Lu. Locating and sizing of centralized charging stations in distribution network considering load shifting [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(7): 1052–1060. DOI:https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.07.006. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  58. LI Meng, ZHANG Jin. Research on location optimization of electric vehicle charging station based on genetic K-means clustering [J]. Agricultural Equipment & Vehicle Engineering, 2017, 55(6): 81–83. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  59. AWASTHI A, VENKITUSAMY K, PADMANABAN S, SELVAMUTHUKUMARAN R, de BLAABJERG F, SINGH A K. Optimal planning of electric vehicle charging station at the distribution system using hybrid optimization algorithm [J]. Energy, 2017, 133: 70–78. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.094.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. ANJOS M F, GENDRON B, JOYCE-MONIZ M. Increasing electric vehicle adoption through the optimal deployment of fast-charging stations for local and long-distance travel [J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2020, 285(1): 263–278. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.01.055.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The work was supported by Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology, and Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of New Energy and Intelligent Network Vehicles, China.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Ye Tao  (陶冶), Miao-hua Huang  (黄妙华), Yu-pu Chen  (陈宇瀑) & Lan Yang  (杨兰)

Authors
  1. Ye Tao  (陶冶)
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Miao-hua Huang  (黄妙华)
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yu-pu Chen  (陈宇瀑)
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lan Yang  (杨兰)
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lan Yang  (杨兰).

Additional information

Foundation item

Project(21805217) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(2015BAG08B02) supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China; Project(2019IVB014) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China

Contributors

TAO Ye provided the concept and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. YANG Lan and HUANG Miao-hua provided the project and funding support. TAO Ye and CHEN Yu-pu searched the literatures. TAO Ye and YANG Lan replied to reviewers’ comments and revised the final version.

Conflict of interest

TAO Ye, HUANG Miao-hua, CHEN Yu-pu and YANG Lan declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tao, Y., Huang, Mh., Chen, Yp. et al. Review of optimized layout of electric vehicle charging infrastructures. J. Cent. South Univ. 28, 3268–3278 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4842-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4842-3

Key words

关键词

Search

Navigation