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Centrifugal and field studies on water infiltration characteristics below canals under wetting-drying-freezing-thawing cycles

湿干冻融循环下渠水入渗特性的离心模型试验和现场试验研究

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Abstract

Seepage is one of the main causes for the deformation and instability of canal slopes in Xinjiang, China. In this study, centrifugal model tests under wetting-drying (WD) and wetting-drying-freezing-thawing (WDFT) cycles were performed to investigate the water infiltration characteristics below a canal. The results show that the shallow soil of the canal models was fully saturated in the wetting process. Compared with the canal model under the WD cycles, the canal model under the WDFT cycles had larger saturated areas and a higher degree of saturation below the canal top after each cycle, indicating that the freezing-thawing (FT) process in the WDFT cycles promoted the water infiltration behavior below the canal slope. The cracks on the surface of the canal model under the cyclic action of WDFT developed further and had a higher connectivity, which provided the conditions for slope instability from a transverse tensile crack running through the canal top. On this basis, a field test was conducted to understand the water infiltration distribution below a typical canal in Xinjiang, China, which also verified the accuracy of the centrifugal results. This study provides a preliminary basis for the maintenance and seepage treatment of canals in Xinjiang, China.

摘要

渗漏问题是造成北疆供水渠道变形失稳的主要原因之一。本文通过离心模型试验探究了湿干循 环和湿干冻融循环下渠水的入渗特性。结果发现, 模型渠道浅层基土在湿润过程中完全饱和。相比于 湿干循环下的模型渠道, 每次湿干冻融循环后模型渠道顶部区域的饱和程度更高, 表明湿干冻融循环 中的冻融过程促进了模型渠道顶部区域的水分入渗行为。同时, 湿干冻融循环下模型渠道的表面裂隙 发育以及连通程度也更高, 造成渠道边坡有着自渠顶横向张拉裂隙发生失稳的趋势。在此基础上, 通 过现场典型渠道渠水入渗分布情况验证了离心模型试验的准确性。本研究为北疆供水渠道维护以及防 渗工作提供依据。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geotechnical Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210024, China

    Rui Zhu  (朱锐), Zheng-yin Cai  (蔡正银), Ying-hao Huang  (黄英豪), Chen Zhang  (张晨), Wan-li Guo  (郭万里) & Xun Zhu  (朱洵)

  2. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China

    Rui Zhu  (朱锐)

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  1. Rui Zhu  (朱锐)
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  2. Zheng-yin Cai  (蔡正银)
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  5. Wan-li Guo  (郭万里)
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Correspondence to Zheng-yin Cai  (蔡正银).

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Foundation item

Project(2017YFC0405100) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China; Projects(51879166, 51709185, 51909170) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(SKLFSE201909) supported by the Open Research Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of Permafrost Engineering, China; Project(2018M640500) supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China

Contributors

ZHU Rui and CAI Zheng-yin provided the concept. ZHU Rui and HUANG Ying-hao conducted the literature review and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. ZHANG Chen, GUO Wan-li and ZHU Xun edited the draft of manuscript. All authors replied to reviewers’ comments and revised the final version.

Conflict of interest

ZHU Rui, CAI Zheng-yin, HUANG Ying-hao, ZHANG Chen, GUO Wan-li and ZHU Xun declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Zhu, R., Cai, Zy., Huang, Yh. et al. Centrifugal and field studies on water infiltration characteristics below canals under wetting-drying-freezing-thawing cycles. J. Cent. South Univ. 28, 1519–1533 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4703-0

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