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Space heating and hot water demand analysis of dwellings connected to district heating scheme in UK

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Abstract

To achieve CO2 emissions reductions, the UK Building Regulations require developers of new residential buildings to calculate expected CO2 emissions arising from their energy consumption using a methodology such as Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP 2005) or, more recently SAP 2009. SAP encompasses all domestic heat consumption and a limited proportion of the electricity consumption. However, these calculations are rarely verified with real energy consumption and related CO2 emissions. This work presents the results of an analysis based on weekly heat demand data for more than 200 individual flats. The data were collected from a recently built residential development connected to a district heating network. A method for separating out the domestic hot water (DHW) use and space heating (SH) demand has been developed and these values are compared to the demand calculated using SAP 2005 and SAP 2009 methodologies. The analysis also shows the variation in DHW and SH consumption with size of flats and with tenure (privately owned or social housing). Evaluation of the space heating consumption also includes an estimate of the heating degree day (HDD) base temperature for each block of flats and compares this to the average base temperature calculated using the SAP 2005 methodology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technologies for Sustainable Built Environments, University of Reading, Reading, RG66AF, UK

    Robert Burzynski

  2. SSE Utility Solutions, Thatcham, RG194AZ, UK

    M. Crane

  3. School of Construction Management and Engineering, University of Reading, Reading, RG66AF, UK

    R. Yao

  4. School of Systems Engineering, University of Reading, Reading, RG66AF, UK

    V. M. Becerra

Authors
  1. Robert Burzynski
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  2. M. Crane
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  3. R. Yao
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  4. V. M. Becerra
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Correspondence to Robert Burzynski.

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Burzynski, R., Crane, M., Yao, R. et al. Space heating and hot water demand analysis of dwellings connected to district heating scheme in UK. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 19, 1629–1638 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-012-1186-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-012-1186-z

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