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Climate Change Impacts on Agroecosystems in China: Processes, Mechanisms and Prospects

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Abstract

Building a more resilient response system to climate change for sustainable development and reducing uncertainty in China’s food markets, requires access to historical research gaps and mapping future research progress for decision making. However, the lack of quantitative and objective analyses to ensure the stability and development of agroecosystems increases the complexity of agro-climatic mechanisms, which leads to uncertainty and undesirable consequences. In this paper, we review the characteristics of climate change in China (1951–2020), reveal the mechanisms of agroecosystem structure in response to climate, and identify challenges and opportunities for future efforts in the context of research progress. The aim is to improve the scientific validity and relevance of future research by clarifying agro-climatic response mechanisms. The results show that surface temperature, precipitation, and frequency of extreme weather events have increased to varying degrees in major agricultural regions of China in 1951–2020. And they have strong geographic variation, which has resulted in droughts in the north and floods in the south. Moreover, climate change has complicated the mechanisms of soil moisture, Net Primary Productivity (NPP), soil carbon pool, and crop pest structure in agroecosystems. This lends to a reduction in soil water holding capacity, NPP, soil carbon content, and the number of natural enemies of diseases and insects, which in turn affects crop yields. However, human interventions can mitigate the deterioration of these factors. We have also realized that the methodology and theory of historical research poses a great challenge to future agroecosystem. Historical and projected climate trends identified current gaps in interdisciplinary integration and multidisciplinary research required to manage diverse spatio-temporal climate change impacts on agroecosystems. Future efforts should highlight integrated management and decision making, multidisciplinary big data coupling, and numerical simulations to ensure sustainable agricultural development, ecological security, and food security in China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130012, China

    Lun Bao, Lingxue Yu, Ying Li & Chunying Ren

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Lun Bao & Fengqin Yan

  3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China

    Fengqin Yan & Vincent Lyne

  4. IMAS-Hobart, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, 7004, Australia

    Vincent Lyne

Authors
  1. Lun Bao
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  2. Lingxue Yu
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  3. Ying Li
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  4. Fengqin Yan
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  5. Vincent Lyne
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  6. Chunying Ren
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lingxue Yu.

Additional information

Foundation item: Under the auspices of Scientific and Technological Development Program of Jilin Province (No. 20220101154JC), Strategic Pioneering Science and Technology Special Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA28080503), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42071025), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2023240)

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Bao, L., Yu, L., Li, Y. et al. Climate Change Impacts on Agroecosystems in China: Processes, Mechanisms and Prospects. Chin. Geogr. Sci. 33, 583–600 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-023-1362-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-023-1362-0

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