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The implications of cancer survivorship for spousal employment

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Abstract

Background

The purpose of this research was to estimate employment effects for spouses of cancer survivors who were working at the time of the cancer diagnosis.

Methods

Spouses of cancer survivors were drawn from the Penn State Cancer Survivor Survey. Comparable spouses of individuals without cancer were drawn from the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics. The final sample included 827 spouses of cancer survivors (542 husbands, 285 wives) and 2,766 spouses of individuals without cancer (1,459 husbands, 1,307 wives). Three employment outcomes were studied 2–6 years after diagnosis: whether working, whether working full time (35+ hours per week), and usual hours per week. We used propensity scores to match cases to controls 3:1.

Results

Wives of cancer survivors had a lower probability (−7.5 percentage points) of being employed 2–6 years after diagnosis (p = 0.036). They were slightly more likely to be working full time, while averaging 1.1 fewer hours per week overall, but these effects were not statistically significant. Cancer’s effect on husbands was not significant for any of the employment outcomes. However, if survivor wives and husbands were working at follow-up, they had more than twice the odds of working full-time (wives OR = 2.18, p = 0.0004; husbands OR = 2.65, p = 0.012) and worked more hours per week than other spouses (wives 1.9, p = 0.041; husbands 1.5, p = 0.04).

Conclusions

The implications to cancer survivors and their spouses of these results is that the employment of survivor spouses, especially of wives, is somewhat reshaped by cancer in the medium to long run. However, there is little or no effect on aggregate hours worked by spouses who were employed at diagnosis.

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This work was supported by grants from the American Cancer Society (Grant No. RSGHP-08-140-01-CPHPS) and the National Cancer Institute (Grant No. R01 CA82619). The authors are indebted to the Penn State Cancer Survivor Survey’s Patient Advisory Committee; Witold Rybka and Margaret Davitt (Milton S. Hershey Medical Center), James Evans and Sharon Reeder (Geisinger Medical Center), Gregory Harper and Andrea Geshan (Lehigh Valley Hospital and Health Network), and James Zabora and Barbara Abdullah (The Johns Hopkins Hospital) for advice and patient recruiting; the Survey and Epidemiology Services division of Social and Scientific Systems, Inc. of Silver Spring, MD for conducting the cancer survivor interviews; and Cindy Mitchell and Joseph Vasey for programming assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Surgery and Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, 600 Centerview Drive, A210, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA

    Christopher S. Hollenbeak

  2. Department of Health Policy and Administration, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Pamela Farley Short & John Moran

Authors
  1. Christopher S. Hollenbeak
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  2. Pamela Farley Short
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  3. John Moran
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Correspondence to Christopher S. Hollenbeak.

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Hollenbeak, C.S., Farley Short, P. & Moran, J. The implications of cancer survivorship for spousal employment. J Cancer Surviv 5, 226–234 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-011-0175-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-011-0175-9

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