Abstract
Seed health plays a pivotal role in profitable crop production. However, seed-borne pathogens deteriorate seed health and reduce the market value of crops. Curvularia lunata is an important fungus associated with seeds of several crops. In the present study, broken, discolored and unhealthy seeds were observed during the inspection of soybean germplasm entries indicative of a fungal disease. The suspected fungus was isolated from these seeds using blotter paper and potato dextrose agar. Purified growth of fungus on nutrient media was smooth, regular and conidia were curved which appeared to be C. lunata. DNA was isolated and Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified. The amplicon (550 bp) of three isolates NBGCLI-III were sequenced. NCBI BLASTn confirmed assembled sequences as C. lunata. These sequences were submitted to NCBI GenBank with accession numbers OP093623-25. Soybean seeds were also subjected to culture filtrate of these isolates. Inoculated seeds showed reduced germination and the seedlings produced were abnormal as observed earlier when compared to untreated control. From infected seeds fungal DNA was isolated and ITS region was amplified and sequenced. The sequence results confirmed the presence of C. lunata. Hence, the present study has shown the deleterious effects of C. lunata on seed health in soybean and suggests the use of diseased-free seeds for better germination and vigorous crop.
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Data Availability
The datasets used in this study are available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database under accession numbers OP093623, OP093624, OP093625, respectively.
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Acknowledgements
We are thankful to the National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan, and USDA, the USA for providing soybean genotypes for the trials.
Funding
This material is based upon work supported by Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan under indigenous PhD fellowship Phase-II, Batch-V.
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Imran Amin, Shahid Mansoor and Muhammad Ismail Buzdar gave the basic idea. Muhammad Ismail Buzdar collected the samples, performed the Experiment/trial and wrote the initial draft of manuscript. Muhammad Ismail Buzdar and Rubab Zahra analyzed the data. Imran Amin, Muhammad Jawad Akbar Awan and Saleem Ur-Rahman and Ghulam Raza reviewed and edited the final draft. All the authors read and agreed to finalize the paper for publication.
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Buzdar, M.I., Awan, M.J.A., Rahman, S.U. et al. Seed-borne Curvularia lunata deteriorating seed health and germination of soybean. Biologia 78, 2575–2582 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01400-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01400-y