Abstract
Endophytic microorganisms produce a range of bioactive metabolites and support plant growth and their competitiveness. The present study aims to characterize an endophytic, antagonistic and pigment producing bacterium (GBPI_TWL), isolated from the roots of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. Following morphological, biochemical, and molecular characters, the bacterium was identified as Burkholderia sp. The bacterium produced diffusible and volatile antimicrobials against phytopathogens Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, and F. Solani in plate bioassays. Effect of physicochemical parameters like temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen source were also tested for higher yield of pigment. Bacterial pigment production was found higher at 25 °C and pH 6. Besides, maltose and ammonium chloride as carbon and nitrogen source, respectively, enhanced the pigment production. After optimization of pigment production, the bacterial pigment was extracted in four different solvents (sequentially) viz. benzene, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol. These crude organic extracts, were tested for antimicrobial activity against three groups of microorganisms (bacteria, actinobacteria and fungi). Silica gel column chromatography was used for the purification of active compounds having antimicrobial activity. Separation was monitored by UV-VIS spectroscopy. After successive fractionation, finally two fractions MEF1 (a) and EAEF2 (a) were selected for structural identification of antimicrobial compounds by using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. Mass spectra results revealed the presence of secondary metabolites of antimicrobial nature including fatty acids (hexadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid octadecenoic acid, docosanoic acid), aromatic dicarboxylic acids (benzenedicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid), saturated hydrocarbon (Heneicosane, Nonacosan-14-one), and cycloalkyes (cyclododecyne).
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Abbreviations
- TYE Agar :
-
Tryptone Yeast extract Agar
- PDA :
-
Potato Dextrose Agar
- TYE broth :
-
Tryptone Yeast Extract broth
- GC-MS :
-
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- NCBI :
-
National Center for Biotechnology Information
- MIC :
-
Minimum inhibitory concentration
- NRRL :
-
Northern Regional Research Laboratory
- MCC :
-
Microbial Culture Collection
- NCCS :
-
National Centre for Cell Science
- ITCC :
-
Indian Type Culture Collection
- IARI :
-
Indian Agricultural Research Institute
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Authors are grateful to National Mission on Himalayan Studies (Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change, Govt. of India, New Delhi) for the financial support.
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Conceptualization: [Priyanka Adhikari, Anita Pandey]; methodology, formal analysis and investigation and writing original draft preparation: [Priyanka Adhikari]; review, editing and supervision: [Anita Pandey].
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Adhikari, P., Pandey, A. Antimicrobial compound production by pigment producing endophytic bacterium (Burkholderia sp. GBPI_TWL) isolated from Taxus wallichiana Zucc.. Biologia 76, 3567–3578 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-021-00886-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-021-00886-8