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Temporary epicardial pacing wires post-cardiac surgery: a literature review

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Abstract

Background

Although epicardial pacing wires are routinely inserted after cardiac surgical procedures, there is little in the medical literature to help standardise their use and identify associated risks and benefits. Much of the decision-making surrounding pacing wires are based on the surgeon’s preference and vary highly between centers.

Methods

A literature review was conducted exploring the evidence, indications, and current practice for temporary pacing wires. Risk factors for developing post-operative arrhythmias necessitating use of temporary pacing wires and complications were also reviewed.

Conclusions

Although temporary epicardial pacing wires have a crucial role to play in the post-operative recovery period, the current literature suggests that they should be considered on an individual basis in all high-risk patients including increased age, low ejection fraction, diabetes mellitus, elevated pulmonary artery pressures, prolonged cross clamp time, pacing required to wean from bypass, pre-operative arrhythmia, and multiple valvular and transplant operations. Although complications from pacing wires are low, this figure is likely underreported and further studies are required to focus on the risks and benefits of insertion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia

    Lucy Manuel

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  1. Lucy Manuel
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Correspondence to Lucy Manuel.

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Author declares that she has no conflict of interest and nil funding was received for this study.

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Manuel, L. Temporary epicardial pacing wires post-cardiac surgery: a literature review. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 70, 595–601 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11748-022-01831-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11748-022-01831-5

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