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Low fat-monounsaturated rich diets containing high-oleic peanuts improve serum lipoprotein profiles

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Lipids

Abstract

Postmenopausal hypercholesterolemic women are at risk for cardiovascular disease and are encouraged to follow low-fat (LF) (≤30% energy) diets. However, these diets may have undesirable effects on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and triglycerides, whereas diets high in monounsaturated fats do not. Twenty postmenopausal hypercholesterolemic women previously consuming high-fat diets (34% energy) were placed on a low fat-monounsaturated rich diet (LFMR: 26%, 14% energy, respectively) for 6 mon. Sixteen women already eating LF diets (24% energy) were also followed to monitor variations in serum lipids due to seasonal variations. Twenty-five women successfully completed the study (LFMR=12, LF=13). Serum cholesterol decreased 10% (264 to 238 mg/dL, P≤0.01) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased 12% (182 to 161 mg/dL, P≤0.01) in the LFMR group, but did not change in the LF group. The reduction in serum cholesterol in the LFMR group was greater than estimated by predictive formulas. Serum triglycerides and apo A-I did not change in the LFMR group. A modest decrease in HDL-C, HDL3-C, and apolipoprotein B (apo B) occurred in both groups, but only the LFMR group showed a trend toward beneficial changes in LDL-C/HDL-C and apo A-I/apo B ratios. Overall, the LFMR diet was well tolerated and resulted in an improved serum lipid and apolipoprotein profile.

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Abbreviations

apo:

apolipoprotein

BMI:

body mass index

CHD:

coronary heart disease

HDL:

high density lipoprotein

HDL-C:

high density lipoprotein cholesterol

LDL:

low density lipoprotein

LDL-C:

low density lipoprotein cholesterol

LF:

low fat

LFMR:

low fat-monounsaturated rich

MUFA:

monounsaturated fatty acid

PUFA:

polyunsaturated fatty acid

SFA:

saturated fatty acid

UF:

unsaturated fat

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Author notes

  1. David A. Knauft

    Present address: Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, 27695, Raleigh, NC

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, 359 Food Science and Human Nutrition Building, 32611, Gainesville, FL

    Dawn J. O’Byrne, David A. Knauft & Rachel B. Shireman

  2. Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, 359 Food Science and Human Nutrition Building, 32611, Gainesville, FL

    Dawn J. O’Byrne, David A. Knauft & Rachel B. Shireman

Authors
  1. Dawn J. O’Byrne
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  2. David A. Knauft
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  3. Rachel B. Shireman
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Correspondence to Rachel B. Shireman.

Additional information

A portion of this material was presented earlier at the annual meeting of the American Oil Chemists’ Society and in abstract from (O’Byrne, D.J., Shireman, R.B., and Knauft, D., 1993. The effects of a low-fat/high-oleic acid diet on lipoproteins in postmenopausal hypercholesterolemic women. INFORM 4(4), 553, #SS7).

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O’Byrne, D.J., Knauft, D.A. & Shireman, R.B. Low fat-monounsaturated rich diets containing high-oleic peanuts improve serum lipoprotein profiles. Lipids 32, 687–695 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-997-0088-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-997-0088-y

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