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Kinetics of Bis-Allylic Hydroperoxide Synthesis in the Iron-Containing Lipoxygenase 2 from Cyanothece and the Effects of Manganese Substitution

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Lipids

Abstract

Lipoxygenases (LOX) catalyze the regio- and stereospecific insertion of dioxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids. While the catalytic metal of LOX is typically a non-heme iron, some fungal LOX contain manganese as catalytic metal (MnLOX). In general, LOX insert dioxygen at C9 or C13 of linoleic acid leading to the formation of conjugated hydroperoxides. MnLOX (EC 1.13.11.45), however, catalyze the oxygen insertion also at C11, resulting in bis-allylic hydroperoxides. Interestingly, the iron-containing CspLOX2 (EC 1.13.11.B6) from Cyanothece PCC8801 also produces bis-allylic hydroperoxides. What role the catalytic metal plays and how this unusual reaction is catalyzed by either MnLOX or CspLOX2 is not understood. Our findings suggest that only iron is the catalytically active metal in CspLOX2. The enzyme loses its catalytic activity almost completely when iron is substituted with manganese, suggesting that the catalytic metal is not interchangeable. Using kinetic and spectroscopic approaches, we further found that first a mixture of bis-allylic and conjugated hydroperoxy products is formed. This is followed by the isomerization of the bis-allylic product to conjugated products at a slower rate. These results suggest that MnLOX and CspLOX2 share a very similar reaction mechanism and that LOX with a Fe or Mn cofactor have the potential to form bis-allylic products. Therefore, steric factors are probably responsible for this unusual specificity. As CspLOX2 is the LOX with the highest proportion of the bis-allylic product known so far, it will be an ideal candidate for further structural analysis to understand the molecular basis of the formation of bis-allylic hydroperoxides.

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Abbreviations

H(P)ODE:

Hydroperoxy-octadecadienoic acid(s)

ICP-AES:

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy

k cat :

Turnover number

K m :

Michaelis Menten constant

LOX:

Lipoxygenase(s)

MnLOX:

Manganese lipoxygenase(s)

SDS:

Sodium dodecylsulfate

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Acknowledgments

We thank Uta Nüsse-Hahne and Dr. Dietrich Hertel for the ICP-AES measurements. We are grateful for financial support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) in frame of the International Research Training Group 1422, Metal Sites in Biomolecules: Structures, Regulation and Mechanisms. In addition, JN was supported by the Fonds of the Chemical Industry (FCI).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Julia Newie & Ivo Feussner

  2. Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Group, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Müge Kasanmascheff & Marina Bennati

  3. Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University, Tammanstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Müge Kasanmascheff & Marina Bennati

  4. Department of Plant Biochemistry, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Georg-August-University, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Ivo Feussner

  5. Department of Plant Biochemistry, Goettingen International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), Georg-August-University, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Ivo Feussner

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  1. Julia Newie
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Correspondence to Ivo Feussner.

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Newie, J., Kasanmascheff, M., Bennati, M. et al. Kinetics of Bis-Allylic Hydroperoxide Synthesis in the Iron-Containing Lipoxygenase 2 from Cyanothece and the Effects of Manganese Substitution. Lipids 51, 335–347 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-016-4127-z

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