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Vaccenic and Elaidic Acid Equally Esterify into Triacylglycerols, but Differently into Phospholipids of Fed Rat Liver Cells

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Lipids

Abstract

Elaidic acid (trans-9-C18:1 or trans-9) is assumed to exert atherogenic effects due to its double bond configuration. The possibility that trans-9 and vaccenic acid (trans-11-C18:1 or trans-11), its positional isomer, were biochemically equivalent and interchangeable compounds, was investigated by reference to their cis-isomers through esterification-related activities using rat liver cells and subcellular fractions. In hepatocytes, both trans-C18:1 were incorporated to the same extent in triacylglycerols, but trans-9 was more esterified than trans-11 into phospholipids (P < 0.05). Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase activity in microsomes was lower with trans-11 than with trans-9, while this activity in mitochondria was ~40% greater with trans-11 than with trans-9 (P < 0.05). Activity of 2-lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase in microsomes was of comparable extent with both trans isomers, but activity of 2-lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase was significantly greater with trans-9 than with trans-11 at P < 0.01. Lipoproteins secreted by hepatocytes reached equivalent levels in the presence of any isomers, but triacylglycerol production was more elevated with trans-11 than with trans-9 at P < 0.05. Cholesterol efflux from previously labelled hepatocytes was lower with trans-11 than with trans-9. When these cells were exposed to either trans-C18:1, the gene expression of proteins involved in fatty acid esterification and lipoprotein synthesis was unaffected, which indicates that the biochemical differences essentially depended on enzyme/substrate affinities. On the whole, vaccenic and elaidic acid were shown to incorporate cell phospholipids unequally, at least in vitro, which suggests they can differently affect lipid metabolic pathways in normal cells.

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Abbreviations

ACC:

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

cis-9:

cis-9-C18:1, oleic acid

cis-11:

cis-11-C18:1

CLA:

Conjugated linoleic acid

DGAT:

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase

FA:

Fatty acid

GPAT:

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase

HMG-Red:

Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase

LDL-R:

Low-density lipoprotein-receptor

mtGPAT:

Mitochondrial GPAT

trans-9:

trans-9-C18:1, elaidic acid

trans-11:

trans-11-C18:1, vaccenic acid

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Acknowledgments

We thank Mr Jean-Michel Chardigny DR INRA, Mr Koenraad Duhem, Mrs Corinne Marmonier for helpful discussions, and Mrs Monique Baudoin for figure construction and typing of the manuscript. This work was supported by Grants from the CNIEL (Paris) and the Région Bourgogne (Dijon), France.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, UMR 866, INSERM-UB, 21000, Dijon, France

    Zhen-Yu Du, Pascal Degrace, Joseph Gresti & Pierre Clouet

  2. National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway

    Zhen-Yu Du

  3. iBiTecS, Service Chimie Bioorganique et Marquage, CEA, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France

    Olivier Loreau

  4. Pierre Clouet, UMR 866, INSERM-UB, Equipe Physiopathologie des dyslipidémies, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France

    Pierre Clouet

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  1. Zhen-Yu Du
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Correspondence to Pierre Clouet.

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Du, ZY., Degrace, P., Gresti, J. et al. Vaccenic and Elaidic Acid Equally Esterify into Triacylglycerols, but Differently into Phospholipids of Fed Rat Liver Cells. Lipids 46, 647–657 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-011-3569-6

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