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Dietary Structured Lipids and Phytosteryl Esters: Blood Lipids and Cardiovascular Status in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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Lipids

Abstract

This study examined the dietary effects of enzymatically modified sesame oil with caprylic acid (structured lipids, SL) and phytosteryl esters (PE) on blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) fed high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diets. The dietary groups were: normal diet (control), sesame oil (SO), SL, SO fortified with PE (SOP), and SL fortified with PE (SLP). After 9 weeks of feeding, the body weights, liver weights, and liver weight/body weight ratios in all HFHC-fed groups were higher than controls. Plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels in all HFHC-fed groups were similar to one another but higher than those in controls. Plasma HDL cholesterol levels in rats fed SOP and SLP were higher than those in controls or rats fed SO and SL. Plasma HDL/total cholesterol ratios in rats fed SOP and SLP were similar to those in controls and were higher than those in rats fed SO and SL. There was no difference in plasma lipid profiles between rats fed SO and SL. Arterial blood pressures (BP) in conscious HFHC-fed rats were similar to those in controls whereas heart rates (HR) in all HFHC-fed groups were similar to one another but were higher than that in controls. These findings demonstrate that (1) the dietary effects of SL on plasma lipid profiles and resting BP and HR are similar to those of SO, (2) PE had positive effects on plasma lipid profiles, and (3) 9-week intake of SL and PE did not have pronounced effects on resting BP but induced tachycardia in SHR.

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Abbreviations

BP:

Arterial blood pressures

DBP:

Diastolic arterial blood pressures

HDL:

High density lipoprotein

HFHC:

High-fat and high-cholesterol

HR:

Heart rates

LCT:

Long chain triacylglycerol

LDL:

Low density lipoprotein

MAP:

Mean arterial blood pressures

MLM-type:

Type of triacylglycerols containing medium chain fatty acids esterified at sn-1,3 positions and long chain fatty acids at sn-2 position

PE:

Phytosteryl esters

PP:

Arterial pulse pressures

SBP:

Systolic arterial blood pressures

SHR:

Spontaneously hypertensive rats

SL:

Structured lipids

SLP:

Structured lipids fortified with phytosteryl esters

SO:

Sesame oil

SOP:

Sesame oil fortified with phytosteryl esters

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-7610, USA

    Byung Hee Kim & Casimir C. Akoh

  2. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Kevin D. Sandock, Tom P. Robertson & Stephen J. Lewis

Authors
  1. Byung Hee Kim
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  2. Kevin D. Sandock
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  3. Tom P. Robertson
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  4. Stephen J. Lewis
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  5. Casimir C. Akoh
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Correspondence to Casimir C. Akoh.

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Kim, B.H., Sandock, K.D., Robertson, T.P. et al. Dietary Structured Lipids and Phytosteryl Esters: Blood Lipids and Cardiovascular Status in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Lipids 43, 55–64 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-007-3124-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-007-3124-7

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