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Interaction Between Ionic Liquids and Gemini Surfactant: A Detailed Investigation into the Role of Ionic Liquids in Modifying Properties of Aqueous Gemini Surfactant

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents

Abstract

Tuning physicochemical properties of aqueous surfactant solutions comprised of normal or reverse micelles by external additives is of utmost importance due to the enormous application potential of surfactant-based systems. Unusual and interesting properties of environmentally benign ionic liquids (IL) make them suitable candidates for this purpose. To understand and establish the role of IL in modifying properties of aqueous gemini surfactants, we studied the effect of the IL, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Hmim][Br]) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Omim][Br]) on the properties of the aqueous cationic gemini surfactant 1,6-hexanediyl-α,ω-bis(dimethyltetradecyl)ammonium bromide (14-6-14,2Br−). The behavioral changes were investigated by measuring the critical micelle concentration (CMC ) using electrical conductance, surface tension, dye solubilization and fluorescence probe measurements at 298.15 K. It was observed that the CMC of 14-6-14,2Br− gemini surfactant decreases with addition of IL, thus favoring the micellization process. An increase in micellar size was observed at lower IL concentration using dynamic light scattering, with a decrease in aggregation number (N agg) determined from fluorescence probe quenching measurements. It is noteworthy that the extent of modulation of the micellar properties is different for both the IL due to their structural differences. IL behave like electrolytes at lower concentrations and cosurfactants at higher concentrations and form mixed micelles with the cationic gemini surfactant showing an increase in N agg.

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Scheme 1
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Abbreviations

ANS:

8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid

CMC:

Critical micelle concentration

CPC:

Cetylpyridinium chloride

DLS:

Dynamic light scattering measurements

EG:

Ethylene glycol

[Hmim][Br]:

1-Hexyl 3-methyl imidazolium bromide

IL:

Ionic liquids

Nagg :

Aggregation numbers

[Omim][Br]:

1-Octyl 3-methyl imidazolium bromide

SANS:

Small angle neutron scattering

14-6-14,2Br− :

1,6-Hexanediyl-α,ω-bis(dimethyltetradecyl)ammonium bromide

PIL:

Protic ionic liquids

β :

Counter ion binding

\(\varDelta G_{\text{m}}^{0}\) :

Standard free energy of micelle formation

γ :

Surface tension

A min :

Area per molecule at the air–water interface

Γmax :

Maximum surface excess concentration

R :

Universal gas constant

N A :

Avogadro’s number

ΠCMC :

Surface pressure at the CMC

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Acknowledgments

UM is thankful for financial assistance by DST, Government of India (Project No. SR/FT/CS-014/2010) and NM is thankful for financial assistance by CSIR, Government of India (Project No. EMR-II/2545/2011). ZV acknowledges the financial assistance in the form of a Maulana Azad National Fellowship (F1-17.1/2012-13/MANF-2012-13-MUS-GUJ-10818). NM acknowledges Dr. Arvind Kumar, Scientist, CSMCRI for the DLS and Fluorescence measurements.

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  1. Applied Chemistry Department, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, 395 007, India

    Utkarsh More, Pallavi Kumari, Zuber Vaid & Naved I. Malek

  2. Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637171, Singapore

    Kamalakanta Behera

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  1. Utkarsh More
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More, U., Kumari, P., Vaid, Z. et al. Interaction Between Ionic Liquids and Gemini Surfactant: A Detailed Investigation into the Role of Ionic Liquids in Modifying Properties of Aqueous Gemini Surfactant. J Surfact Deterg 19, 75–89 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-015-1747-x

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