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Prevalence of low skeletal muscle quantity and quality and their associated factors in patients before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

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Abstract

Both quality and quantity of skeletal muscle are considered important for prognostic factors and clinical outcomes in solid cancers. However, few studies have examined both quality and quantity of skeletal muscle in patients with hematological malignancies. The aim of the present study was to clarify the prevalence of low skeletal muscle quantity and quality and their associated factors in patients before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Pretransplant plain CT imaging at the third lumber vertebra level was used to measure the psoas muscle mass index (PMI) and the intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) in 113 adult patients (age 47.1 ± 14.6 years) before HSCT. We analyzed the factors associated with PMI and IMAC, respectively. Although 62.8% of all patients had low skeletal muscle mass, only 8% had poor skeletal muscle quality. Multivariable logistic analysis showed that older age [odds ratio (OR) = 2.45, confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–5.76, P = 0.04], male (OR = 4.35, CI = 0.05–0.97, P = 0.04), and low BMI (OR = 0.83, CI = 0.71–0.97, P = 0.02) were independent risk factors for low PMI before HSCT. Only age (≤ 50 years) was significantly associated with muscle quality (modified OR = 0.07, CI = 0.00–0.43, P < 0.01) in univariate analysis. Most patients already showed low skeletal muscle mass before allo-HSCT although skeletal muscle quality was relatively preserved. These results may be indicative of pre-cachexia and may be useful for its long-term management in allo-HSCT patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan

    Shinya Yoshida, Goro Sakurai & Tetsutaro Yahata

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  1. Shinya Yoshida
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  2. Goro Sakurai
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  3. Tetsutaro Yahata
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Contributions

Conceptualization: SY and GS; methodology: SY; formal analysis: SY; writing—original draft preparation: SY; writing—review and editing: SY, GS and TY.

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Correspondence to Shinya Yoshida.

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The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Kanazawa University Hospital.

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This study waived the requirement for written informed consent due to the retrospective nature of this study.

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Yoshida, S., Sakurai, G. & Yahata, T. Prevalence of low skeletal muscle quantity and quality and their associated factors in patients before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Intern Emerg Med 17, 451–456 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-021-02828-3

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