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Effect of lignosulphonates on Vanilla planifolia shoot multiplication, regeneration and metabolism

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Abstract

Vanilla planifolia (V. planifolia) is a valuable orchidaceous plant, commonly grown for its pods that are used to produce the flavouring vanilla extract. Here, we evaluated the effect of calcium lignosulphonate (Ca-LIGN) and sodium lignosulphonate (Na-LIGN) on multiplication and regeneration of V. planifolia shoot tip culture. In 150 mg L−1 Ca-LIGN medium, the most number of shoots per explant (5.78 ± 0.63) was successfully obtained. Besides, Ca-LIGN also enhanced the shoot bud and primordial formation rate, as seen under scanning electron microscopy. In contrast, medium containing 150 mg L−1 Na-LIGN recorded the highest average of shoot length (4.72 ± 0.30 cm). Meanwhile, the best growth of root length (1.8 ± 0.32 cm) and root induction (96.67 ± 5.16%) were recorded on the explants treated with 150 mg L−1 Na-LIGN rooting medium. All rooted plantlets successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse (100.00% survival rate). Further biochemical analysis revealed that Ca-LIGN increased the total protein, chlorophyll, sugar, flavonoid and phenolic contents of V. planifolia. Notably, expression of both ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) genes were also elevated under the treatment of Ca-LIGN, implying a positive role in the photosynthetic process. Taken together, LIGN being an environmental friendly product could be used to enhance the growth and micropropagation of V. planifolia.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Abbreviations

BAP:

6-Benzylaminopurine

LIGN:

Lignosulphonate

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NAA:

Naphthaleneacetic acid

V. planifolia :

Vanilla planifolia

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the technical assistance and support provided by members of Floral Biotechnology Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia. The authors would also thank Universiti Putra Malaysia for the funding provided via Putra Grant (GP-IPM/2015/9450800).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Wan Muhamad Asrul Nizam Wan Abdullah, Lee-Yoon Low, Siti Bahijah Mumaiyizah, Qian-Yee Chai & Janna Ong-Abdullah

  2. Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading UCSI Height, 56000, Cheras, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Jiun-Yan Loh

  3. Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

    Kok-Song Lai

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  1. Wan Muhamad Asrul Nizam Wan Abdullah
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Correspondence to Kok-Song Lai.

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Wan Abdullah, W.M.A.N., Low, LY., Mumaiyizah, S.B. et al. Effect of lignosulphonates on Vanilla planifolia shoot multiplication, regeneration and metabolism. Acta Physiol Plant 42, 107 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-020-03099-9

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