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Quelle est la marge distale nécessaire ?

Question 6

What is the distal rectal margin needed for sphincter saving procedures?

  • Dossier Thématique / Thematic File
  • Published:
Côlon & Rectum

Résumé

Dans la chirurgie du cancer du rectum, la mesure de la marge distale est une donnée importante quand la conservation de l’appareil sphinctérien est envisagée. En effet, le risque de récidive locale ou anastomotique existe si cette marge est trop courte. Cette marge distale peut être mesurée par le chirurgien à la fin de la résection, sur pièce fraiche. Elle peut l’être aussi par l’anatomopathologiste avant ou après fixation de la pièce dans le formol. Il a été montré que 70% de la perte de longueur de cette marge survenait dans les 10 à 20 premières minutes suivant la fin de la résection et que les 30% restants étaient perdus après fixation. En l’absence de valeur seuil parfaitement démontrée, une marge distale d’1 cm sur pièce fraiche est habituellement considérée comme suffisante. La question de savoir si une radiothérapie préopératoire permet de revoir à la baisse cette règle d’1 cm reste débattue.

Abstract

In rectal cancer, assessment of the distal margin is an important step when sphincter saving surgery is discussed. However there is still a controversy about the best time for this assessment, and by whom it should be done, either by the surgeon intraoperatively when the resection has been completed, or by the pathologist before or after fixation of the specimen?

Approximately 70% of the shrinkage occurs during the first 10 to 20 minutes following completion of the resection, and the remaining 30% occur after fixation. A distal margin of 1cm on the fresh specimen is considered as adequate in many guidelines. The question of whether this 1cm rule for irradiated tumours should be revised is still debated.

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Correspondence to E. Tiret.

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Tiret, E. Quelle est la marge distale nécessaire ?. Colon Rectum 6, 93–96 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11725-012-0375-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11725-012-0375-4

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