Abstract
We have observed the circular dichroism signal of dilute graphene oxide (GO), then systematically investigated the chirality of GO and established a probable chiral unit model. This study may open up a new field for understanding the structure of GO and lay the foundation for fabrication of GO-based materials.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hummers W S, Offeman R E. Preparation of graphitic oxide. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1958, 80(6): 1339
Gao W, Alemany L B, Ci L J, et al. New insights into the structure and reduction of graphite oxide. Nature Chemistry, 2009, 1(5): 403–408
Marcano D C, Kosynkin D V, Berlin J M, et al. Improved synthesis of graphene oxide. ACS Nano, 2010, 4(8): 4806–4814
Kim J, Cote L J, Huang J X. Two dimensional soft material: new faces of graphene oxide. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2012, 45(8): 1356–1364
Li D, Müller M B, Gilje S, et al. Processable aqueous dispersions of graphene nanosheets. Nature Nanotechnology, 2008, 3(2): 101–105
Nair R R, Wu H A, Jayaram P N, et al. Unimpeded permeation of water through helium-leak-tight graphene-based membranes. Science, 2012, 335(6067): 442–444
Wei Z Q, Wang D B, Kim S, et al. Nanoscale tunable reduction of graphene oxide for graphene electronics. Science, 2010, 328(5984): 1373–1376
Dikin D A, Stankovich S, Zimney E J, et al. Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide paper. Nature, 2007, 448(7152): 457–460
Dreyer D R, Park S, Bielawski C W, et al. The chemistry of graphene oxide. Chemical Society Reviews, 2010, 39(1): 228–240
Kim J, Cote L J, Kim F, et al. Graphene oxide sheets at interfaces. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2010, 132(23): 8180–8186
Hamley I W. Introduction to Soft Matter: Polymers, Colloids, Amphiphiles and Liquid Crystals. New York: Wiley, 2000
Lerf A, He H Y, Forster M, et al. Structure of graphite oxide revisited. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 1998, 102(23): 4477–4482
Szabó T, Berkesi O, Forgó P, et al. Evolution of surface functional groups in a series of progressively oxidized graphite oxides. Chemistry of Materials, 2006, 18(11): 2740–2749
Cai W W, Piner R D, Stadermann F J, et al. Synthesis and solid-state NMR structural characterization of 13C-labeled graphite oxide. Science, 2008, 321(5897): 1815–1817
Casabianca L B, Shaibat M A, Cai W W, et al. NMR-based structural modeling of graphite oxide using multidimensional 13C solid-state NMR and ab initio chemical shift calculations. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2010, 132(16): 5672–5676
Erickson K, Erni R, Lee Z, et al. Determination of the local chemical structure of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. Advanced Materials, 2010, 22(40): 4467–4472
Johari P, Shenoy V B. Modulating optical properties of graphene oxide: role of prominent functional groups. ACS Nano, 2011, 5(9): 7640–7647
Hossain M Z, Johns J E, Bevan K H, et al. Chemically homogeneous and thermally reversible oxidation of epitaxial graphene. Nature Chemistry, 2012, 4(4): 305–309
Wei W L, Qu K G, Ren J S, et al. Chiral detection using reusable fluorescent amylose-functionalized graphene. Chemical Science, 2011, 2(10): 2050–2056
Fan Z, Govorov A O. Chiral nanocrystals: plasmonic spectra and circular dichroism. Nano Letters, 2012, 12(6): 3283–3289
Greenfield N J. Using circular dichroism collected as a function of temperature to determine the thermodynamics of protein unfolding and binding interactions. Nature Protocols, 2006, 1(6): 2527–2535
Hazen R M, Sholl D S. Chiral selection on inorganic crystalline surfaces. Nature Materials, 2003, 2(6): 367–374
Micali N, Engelkamp H, van Rhee P G, et al. Selection of supramolecular chirality by application of rotational and magnetic forces. Nature Chemistry, 2012, 4(3): 201–207
Xu Z, Gao C. Aqueous liquid crystals of graphene oxide. ACS Nano, 2011, 5(4): 2908–2915
Xu Z, Gao C. Graphene chiral liquid crystals and macroscopic assembled fibres. Nature Communications, 2011, 2: 571
Zhu Y, James D K, Tour J M. New routes to graphene, graphene oxide and their related applications. Advanced Materials, 2012, 24(36): 4924–4955
Paul D R. Marerials science. Creating new types of carbon-based membranes. Science, 2012, 335(6067): 413–414
Yin H J, Tang H J, Wang D, et al. Facile synthesis of surfactant-free Au cluster/graphene hybrids for high-performance oxygen reduction reaction. ACS Nano, 2012, 6(9): 8288–8297
Dimiev A, Kosynkin D V, Alemany L B, et al. Pristine graphite oxide. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2012, 134(5): 2815–2822
Loh K P, Bao Q, Eda G, et al. Graphene oxide as a chemically tunable platform for optical applications. Nature Chemistry, 2010, 2(12): 1015–1024
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
J.C. and H.J.Y. have made the same contribution.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cao, J., Yin, HJ. & Song, R. Circular dichroism of graphene oxide: the chiral structure model. Front. Mater. Sci. 7, 83–90 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-013-0192-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-013-0192-x