Zenker diverticulectomy: first report of robot-assisted transaxillary approach

Abstract

Standard surgical treatment of Zenker’s diverticulum consists of open cricopharyngeal myotomy with diverticulectomy. A rigid or flexible endoscopic approach allowing a cricopharyngeal myotomy without diverticulectomy is currently considered as a less invasive alternative to open surgery with reportedly comparable symptom relief at short term follow-up. In recent years, high safety and efficacy of a transaxillary gasless robotic access to the thyroid gland has been shown. The present study describes the feasibility and preliminary results of robot-assisted transaxillary approach for cricopharyngeal myotomy and excision of Zenker’s diverticulum. Patients with troublesome dysphagia and radiological evidence of Zenker’s diverticulum underwent a robot-assisted cricopharyngeal myotomy and diverticulum excision using left transaxillary access with the support of endoscopic assistance. One month after intervention, symptoms were reevaluated and a barium swallow study was performed. Four patients with symptomatic Zenker’s diverticulum were successfully operated. No adverse event was recorded. One month after intervention, total dysphagia remission was declared by all four patients and there was no evidence of diverticulum recurrence at radiology. According to our preliminary data, left transaxillary robot-assisted approach for the surgical management of Zenker’s diverticulum is feasible, safe and effective. Whether our encouraging results will be confirmed in larger patient cohorts with prolonged follow-up, the robot-assisted transaxillary Zenker’s diverticulectomy may represent an alternative to traditional open diverticulectomy when endoscopic interventions cannot be performed or have failed.