Evaluation of nanomanganese decorated typha tassel carbonaceous electrode: preparation, characterization, and simultaneous determination of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺

Abstract

In this study, manganese dioxide decorated typha tassel carbonized material was prepared. The pyrolysis of the carbonaceous material occurred in a tube furnace at 800 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. MnO₂ nanoparticles on typha tassel (CT) were synthesized with sol–gel method. The final product was denoted as MTT electrode (MnO₂-CT). The carbonaceous material was characterized with infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. Electrode usability performance of the material was examined via electrochemical techniques. An electrochemical method was developed with stripping voltammetry for the analysis of heavy metals such as Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ on the MCT electrode. The linear equations for Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ were computed. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) was 0.05 μg/L for Cd²⁺ and 0.01 μg/L for Pb²⁺ within the range of 0.5–50 μg/L and 0.2–50 μg/L, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in tap water and milk samples.