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Control of Eating Attributes and Weight Loss Outcomes over One Year After Sleeve Gastrectomy

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Abstract

Purpose

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a commonly performed metabolic-bariatric surgery, but its effectiveness is variable and difficult to predict. Our study aimed to compare control of eating (CoE) attributes pre- and post-SG depending on the achievement of optimal weight loss target at 1 year post-SG.

Materials and Methods

A prospective longitudinal cohort study using the CoE Questionnaire, pre-SG, and postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months was conducted. Total weight loss (TWL) ≥ 25% at 12 months post-SG was set as an optimal weight loss target.

Results

Forty-one patients (80.5% females, mean age 41.7 ± 10.6) were included. Sex, age, baseline weight, BMI, and smoking status were all comparable. At 3 months post-SG, “difficulty to control eating” score became significantly different between ≥ 25%TWL and < 25%TWL groups (7 [0–50] vs. 17 [5–63], p = 0.042). At 6 months, it was followed by “feeling of fullness,” “frequency of food cravings,” and “difficulty to resist cravings” demonstrating significant differences between ≥ 25%TWL and < 25%TWL groups. At 12 months, significant differences between groups were observed in “feeling hungry,” “difficulty to resist cravings,” “eating in response to cravings,” and difficulty to control eating scores.

Conclusion

Individuals with obesity who achieved a target of ≥ 25%TWL at 1 year post-SG have an early improvement in overall eating control at 3 months that steadily persists at 6 and 12 months. Improvements in other aspects tend to follow later, at 6 and 12 months. These findings may assist in identifying individuals with inadequate response to help attain optimal weight loss targets and developing a prognostic model to identify predictors of successful weight loss.

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Data Availability

Data available on request from the authors.

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Funding

This study was supported by the Obesity Treatment Foundation, Grant OTF001. It was also partially supported by the National Institutes of Health, Grant UL1TR001442. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, 5-30 University Terrace, 8303 112 Street, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada

    Ellina Lytvyak

  2. Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA

    Amir Zarrinpar

  3. School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA

    Amir Zarrinpar, Cecilia Dalle Ore & Eduardo Grunvald

  4. Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California San Diego, 9452 Medical Ctr Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA

    Euyhyun Lee

  5. University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA

    Keila Yazdani-Boset

  6. Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA

    Eduardo Grunvald

  7. Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, University of California San Diego, 4303 La Jolla Village Drive, Suite 2110, San Diego, CA, 92122, USA

    Santiago Horgan & Eduardo Grunvald

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  1. Ellina Lytvyak
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Correspondence to Ellina Lytvyak.

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Ethics Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Key Points

• Individuals achieving ≥ 25% total weight loss at 1 year after sleeve gastrectomy have improved overall eating control as early as at 3 months.

• Improvements in other aspects of eating control follow later, at 6 and 12 months.

• Our findings may assist in identifying poor responders early and helping them attain optimal weight loss targets.

• Our findings may also assist in identifying predictors of successful weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy.

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Lytvyak, E., Zarrinpar, A., Dalle Ore, C. et al. Control of Eating Attributes and Weight Loss Outcomes over One Year After Sleeve Gastrectomy. OBES SURG 34, 1618–1629 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-024-07158-9

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