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Prevalence of Rhabdomyolysis Following Bariatric Surgery and its Associated Risk Factors: a Meta-Analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis (RML) following bariatric surgery and potential associated factors.

Materials and Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL for relevant trials from database inception through August 2022. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they reported the prevalence of RML after bariatric surgery and provided at least one of the following outcome indicators: preoperative mean BMI/mean operative time for the included population.

Results

Sixteen studies with a total of 1540 patients were analyzed. The mean preoperative age distribution of the included patients was centered between 32.9 and 47.0 years, and the mean preoperative BMI ranged from 42.3 to 60.0 kg/m2. The operative time varied between 126.7 and 403.3 min. The overall pooled crude prevalence of post-bariatric surgery RML was 19.4%. Subgroup analyses showed the pooled prevalence of RML was 8.1% for operative duration > 120 and ≤ 180 min, 32.8% for > 180 and ≤ 240 min, and 47.4% for > 240 min. Meta-regression revealed that operation time was an independent risk factor for developing RML. Besides, BMI > 50 kg/m2 and open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) indicated a higher risk of RML.

Conclusion

Post-bariatric surgery RML prevalence occurred more frequently with the extension of the operation time. For bariatric subjects with surgery time > 180 min, open RYGB, or BMI > 50 kg/m2, CKP could be routinely measured early to verify the presence of RML and to actively prevent its fatal complications.

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Data Availability

Requests for reprints should be directed to the corresponding authors.

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Funding

This work received financial support from the Dongguan Science and Technology of Social Development Program (no. 20211800904702).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Zhiguang Gao, Yuzhi Liang and Zhenpeng Wu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, SSL Central Hospital of Dongguan City, The Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People’s Hospital of Southern Medical University, No.1, Huangzhou Xianglong Road of Shilong Town, Dongguan, 523326, Guangdong, China

    Zhiguang Gao & Min Li

  2. Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People’s Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, 523320, China

    Yuzhi Liang

  3. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China

    Zhenpeng Wu, Yuhan Qiao & Jingge Yang

  4. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China

    Shifang Huang

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  1. Zhiguang Gao
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Key Points

1. Prevalence of post-bariatric surgery RML was 19.4%.

2. Operation time was an independent risk factor for developing RML.

3. BMI > 50 kg/2 and open RYGB indicated a higher risk of RML.

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Gao, Z., Liang, Y., Wu, Z. et al. Prevalence of Rhabdomyolysis Following Bariatric Surgery and its Associated Risk Factors: a Meta-Analysis. OBES SURG 33, 990–1003 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-023-06500-x

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