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The Use of Visceral Adiposity Index to Predict Diabetes Remission in Low BMI Chinese Patients After Bariatric Surgery

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Abstract

Background

Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is considered to be a reliable indicator for evaluation of visceral adipose dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risk. However, no previous studies have reported the VAI variation after bariatric surgery and the predictive effect of preoperative VAI on diabetes remission. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether preoperative VAI is useful to predict diabetes remission in low BMI Chinese patients after bariatric surgery.

Methods

Eighty-seven type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2 underwent bariatric surgery from May 2010 to March 2018 in our hospital. VAI, glycolipid metabolic parameters, and anthropometric variables were measured before and 4 years after surgery. Complete remission was defined as follows: HbA1c < 6%, FPG < 5.6 mmol/L, achieved without anti-diabetic medication. Analysis included using binary logistic regression to identify predictors and ROC curves to determine clinically useful cutoff values.

Results

Seventy-four patients (85.1%) underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), while the remaining 13 patients (14.9%) underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Patients’ weight, glycemic control, and lipid profiles were improved significantly after surgery (p < 0.05). Complete remission of T2DM was found in 35 patients (40.2%) 1 year after surgery. VAI decreased from baseline 4.41 to 1.74 in 3 months after surgery (p < 0.05) and showed a downward trend over the period from 6 months to 4 years. Patients with complete remission had a significantly shorter duration of diabetes, lower HbA1c level, and higher VAI, in comparison to those without remission. Binary logistics regression and ROC curves analysis confirm that VAI, HbA1c, and duration of diabetes can predict diabetes remission after bariatric surgery, and the VAI of 4.46 is a useful threshold for predicting surgical efficacy.

Conclusion

VAI is a significant predictor of diabetes remission for lower BMI patients with T2DM following bariatric surgery in China. The VAI of 4.46 is a useful threshold for predicting surgical efficacy. Multi-center and larger prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ms. Liying Wang and Ms. Yiming Chai for the hard work of English editing and polishing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China

    Zhigang Ke, Fan Li, Yu Gao, Dewen Tan & Weidong Tong

  2. Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, 400042, China

    Fang Sun, Xunmei Zhou, Jing Chen & Zhiming Zhu

  3. Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Three Goreges Central Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing, 404000, China

    Xia Lin

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  1. Zhigang Ke
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Correspondence to Weidong Tong.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Army Medical University Affiliated Daping Hospital and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Ke, Z., Li, F., Gao, Y. et al. The Use of Visceral Adiposity Index to Predict Diabetes Remission in Low BMI Chinese Patients After Bariatric Surgery. OBES SURG 31, 805–812 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-05034-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-05034-w

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