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Two Bariatric Surgical Procedures Differentially Alter the Intestinal Microbiota in Obesity Patients

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Abstract

Aims

To explore the intestinal microbiota composition affected by the two most widely used procedures of bariatric surgery, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), in Chinese obesity patients.

Methods

Stool samples were collected from the obese patients before (n = 87) and with follow-up after the surgery (n = 53). After DNA extraction, 16S rDNA (V3 + V4 regions) sequencing was completed on Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencing platform. The samples were analyzed base on four groups, pre-LSG (n = 54), pre-LRYGB (n = 33), post-LSG (n = 33), and post-LRYGB (n = 20). The linear mixed models were used to analyze the alteration of intestinal microbiota before and after the surgeries of LSG or LRYGB. Student’s t test and χ2 test were used for analysis of independent groups; Metastats analysis was used to compare the relative abundance of bacteria, and Pearson correlation and Spearman correlation analysis were used to test the correlation between indicated groups.

Results

87 patients were included and 53 (60.92%) of them completed the follow-up (9.60 ± 3.92 months). Body mass index (BMI) decreased from 37.84 ± 6.16 kg/m2 to 26.22 ± 4.33 kg/m2 after LSG and from 45.75 ± 14.26 kg/m2 to 33.15 ± 10.99 kg/m2 after LRYGB. The relative abundance of 5 phyla and 42 genera were altered after the surgery in the cohort. Although no alteration of Firmicutes was observed at phylum level, 54.76% of the altered genera belong to phylum Firmicutes. Both LSG and LRYGB procedures increased the richness and evenness of intestinal microbiota in obese patients after the surgery. Particularly, 33 genera altered after LSG and 19 genera altered after LRYGB, in which 11 genera were common alterations in both procedures.

Conclusion

Both LSG and LRYGB altered the composition of intestinal microbiota in Chinese obesity patients, and particularly increased the richness and evenness of microbiota. Genera belonging to phylum Firmicutes were the most altered bacteria by bariatric surgery. The procedure of LSG resulted in much more pronounced alteration of the intestinal microbiota abundance than that observed in LRYGB. While different genera were altered after LSG and LRYGB procedures, 10 genera were the common altered genera in both procedures. Bacteria altered after LSG and LRYGB were functionally associated with BMI, and with relieving of the metabolic syndromes.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by the Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (grant 201704020209) and the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (grant A2018408).

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Author notes

  1. Guolin Chen and Jingshen Zhuang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Huangpu Avenue West 613, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Guolin Chen, Jingshen Zhuang, Shuwen Jiang, Weihua Tao, Shuqing Yu, Lina Wu, Wah Yang, Jingge Yang, Cunchuan Wang & Shiqi Jia

  2. Joint Institute of Metabolic Medicine between Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong, Huangpu Avenue West 613, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Guolin Chen, Jingshen Zhuang, Shuwen Jiang, Wah Yang, Jingge Yang, Cunchuan Wang & Shiqi Jia

  3. Institute of Obesity and Metabolism, Jinan University, Huangpu Avenue West 613, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Guolin Chen, Jingshen Zhuang, Shuwen Jiang, Wah Yang, Jingge Yang, Cunchuan Wang & Shiqi Jia

  4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

    Qianwen Cui & Wanqun Chen

  5. Department of Cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

    Fucheng Liu

  6. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jinan University, Huangpu Avenue West 613, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Shiqi Jia

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  1. Guolin Chen
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Supplementary Figure 1

Alpha diversity analysis of all samples. (a) Shannon curves. X-axis represented the number of sequences sampled, y-axis represented Shannon index, and each curve represented a sample. (b) Species accumulation curve (at genus level). X-axis represented samples numbers, y-axis represented numbers of species detected in genus level (PNG 312 kb)

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Chen, G., Zhuang, J., Cui, Q. et al. Two Bariatric Surgical Procedures Differentially Alter the Intestinal Microbiota in Obesity Patients. OBES SURG 30, 2345–2361 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-04494-4

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