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The Influence of Persistent Organic Pollutants on Thyroidal, Reproductive and Adrenal Hormones After Bariatric Surgery

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Abstract

Introduction

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and per- and polyfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) are suspected endocrine disruptors.

Aim

To evaluate the associations between POPs and thyroidal, reproductive, and adrenal hormones in a study population treated with bariatric surgery.

Methods

Blood samples from a cohort of 63 participants before and 1 year after bariatric surgery were analyzed for 16 lipophilic POPs, 17 PFASs, and thyroidal, reproductive, and adrenal hormones. Participants reporting relevant medical conditions or interfering medication were excluded, and plausible confounders were corrected for in multiple regression analyses.

Results

Free thyroxine (fT4) showed a significant decrease from preoperative to postoperative follow-up, and regression analyses demonstrated that p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p-DDE) was inversely associated with the ratio free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine (fT3/fT4). Testosterone concentrations in male participants increased significantly in the study period, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) increased in both gender. Regression analyses showed positive associations between increased levels of lipophilic POPs and the raised postoperative testosterone and SHBG concentrations in males. For females, an inverse association between the sum perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (ΣPFCA) and SHBG was seen. Regression analyses of postoperative serum cortisol concentrations on changes in hexachlorobenzene (HCB) showed a non-significant inverse association.

Conclusion

The results suggest that POPs may have an influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes after bariatric surgery. Because of small sample sizes and discrepancy in the sampling time points pre- and postoperatively, the observed hormonal impacts of POPs must be interpreted as associative and not causative. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings.

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Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank the study participants and surgical staff and colleagues at the surgical department, Innlandet Hospital Trust. The staff at all three laboratories are acknowledged for their contribution and service. Prof. Eystein Skjerve at NMBU is acknowledged for his scientific contribution.

Funding

This study was financially supported by the Innlandet Hospital Trust (grant number 150260).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Gjøvik, Norway

    Aina Jansen

  2. Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Oslo, Norway

    Aina Jansen, Mette Helen Bjørge Müller & Jan Ludvig Lyche

  3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

    Jens Petter Berg

  4. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

    Jens Petter Berg

  5. Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Section for Treatment Research, Department for Research and Education, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

    Ole Klungsøyr

  6. Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway

    Jan Olav Aaseth

  7. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway

    Jan Olav Aaseth

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  1. Aina Jansen
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  2. Jens Petter Berg
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Correspondence to Aina Jansen.

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Ethical Approval

The study was approved by the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics South East Norway, reference 2012/1394, and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants before inclusion in the study.

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Jansen, A., Berg, J.P., Klungsøyr, O. et al. The Influence of Persistent Organic Pollutants on Thyroidal, Reproductive and Adrenal Hormones After Bariatric Surgery. OBES SURG 30, 1368–1378 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-04273-w

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