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Adherence to Mediterranean Diet or Physical Activity After Bariatric Surgery and Its Effects on Weight Loss, Quality of Life, and Food Tolerance

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Abstract

Objective

To assess whether a healthy dietary pattern or physical activity after bariatric surgery mediates the effects of surgery on weight loss, the quality of life, or food tolerance.

Methods

A prospective observational study conducted in the context of a randomized controlled trial. We assessed the extent to which increasing or decreasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)—assessed by MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener)—and of increasing or decreasing physical activity (PA)—assessed with the Short Questionnaire of International PA (IPAQ-Short Q)—after bariatric surgery affected changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), quality of life (Moorehead-Arlet Questionnaire), and food tolerance (Suter test). Assessments were recorded at baseline and quarterly up to 12 months of surgery.

Results

Seventy-eight morbidly obese participants undergoing bariatric surgery were assessed up to 1 year after surgery. Those individuals who increased adherence to MedDiet showed a significantly higher mean of total weight loss percentage than those who decreased or maintained their adherence during follow-up: 37.6% (35.5–39.8) versus 34.1% (31.8–36.5) (p = 0.036). No significant differences were observed in changes in weight or BMI comparing individuals who increased their PA versus those who maintained or decreased PA, nor in quality of life or food tolerance between those individuals who increased versus those who decreased adherence to MedDiet or PA during the follow-up.

Conclusions

After bariatric surgery, morbidly obese subjects present greater weight loss if they adhere to the MedDiet. PA after surgery is not associated with the magnitude of weight loss nor the quality of life and tolerance to diet.

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Funding

This study has been funded in part by Nestlé Health Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nutrition Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Sant Joan, 43204 Reus, Spain

    Anna Gils Contreras, Anna Bonada Sanjaume & Jordi Salas-Salvadó

  2. Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere i Virgili Institute of Health, Rovira i Virgili University, 43201, Reus, Spain

    Anna Gils Contreras, Anna Bonada Sanjaume, Nerea Becerra-Tomás & Jordi Salas-Salvadó

  3. Consorcio CIBER, M.P., Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Nerea Becerra-Tomás & Jordi Salas-Salvadó

Authors
  1. Anna Gils Contreras
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  2. Anna Bonada Sanjaume
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  3. Nerea Becerra-Tomás
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  4. Jordi Salas-Salvadó
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Nerea Becerra-Tomás or Jordi Salas-Salvadó.

Ethics declarations

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Conflict of Interest

Author 4 reports receiving a grant from Nestlé thorough his institution. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants who took part in the study.

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The funder played no part in data collection, analysis, or interpretation of the results. Neither has it influenced the publication of these results.

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Gils Contreras, A., Bonada Sanjaume, A., Becerra-Tomás, N. et al. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet or Physical Activity After Bariatric Surgery and Its Effects on Weight Loss, Quality of Life, and Food Tolerance. OBES SURG 30, 687–696 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-04242-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-04242-3

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