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Evaluation of W-Rh permanent modifier for lead determination in sugar by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

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Abstract

An alternative procedure that improves the performance of graphite atomizers for the determination of Pb in sugar by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry is described. The procedure is based on the injection of 10 μl of an acidified aqueous solution containing 8% w/v sugar and 0.2% v/v HNO3 into integrated graphite platforms. Either transversely (THGA) as well as longitudinally heated graphite atomizers (LHGA) were evaluated by using conventional co-injection of 0.03% Pd + 0.05% Mg(NO3)2 or thermally treated platforms with 250 μg W + 200 μg Rh and co-injection of 5 μg l−1 Rh solution. With W-Rh under the same analytical conditions, the lifetimes of THGA and LHGA reached up to 1110 and 900 firings, respectively. With Pd + Mg the LHGA tube lifetime was limited to approximately 500 firings, but for THGA up to 1020 firings were made with a single tube. Characteristic masses were 11 and 29 pg Pb for LHGA and THGA, respectively. Detection limits (3 s) based on sugar blank solution and on integrated absorbance were 5.0 mg kg−1 with LHGA and 9.3 mg kg−1 Pb for THGA. In general, the coefficients of variation of 20 consecutive measurements of a solution containing 50 μg l−1 Pb were lower than 5%. The obtained detection limits are in consonance with the Codex Alimentarius recommendation for the maximum Pb content in the sugar.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Postal Box 96, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Paulino Florêncio de Souza, Dário Santos Jr., Paulo dos Santos Roldan & Francisco José Krug

  2. Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Postal Box 355, 14801-970, Araraquara, SP, Brazil

    Adriana Paiva de Oliveira & José Anchieta Gomes Neto

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  1. Paulino Florêncio de Souza
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  2. Dário Santos Jr.
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  3. Paulo dos Santos Roldan
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  4. Adriana Paiva de Oliveira
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  5. José Anchieta Gomes Neto
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  6. Francisco José Krug
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Correspondence to Dário Santos Jr..

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de Souza, P.F., Santos, D., Roldan, P. et al. Evaluation of W-Rh permanent modifier for lead determination in sugar by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Sens. & Instrumen. Food Qual. 1, 176–182 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-007-9023-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-007-9023-z

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