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A systems view of the protein expression process

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Systems and Synthetic Biology

Abstract

Many biological processes are regulated by changing the concentration and activity of proteins. The presence of a protein at a given subcellular location at a given time with a certain conformation is the result of an apparently sequential process. The rate of protein formation is influenced by chromatin state, and the rates of transcription, translation, and degradation. There is an exquisite control system where each stage of the process is controlled both by seemingly unregulated proteins as well as through feedbacks mediated by RNA and protein products. Here we review the biological facts and mathematical models for each stage of the protein production process. We conclude that advances in experimental techniques leading to a detailed description of the process have not been matched by mathematical models that represent the details of the process and facilitate analysis. Such an exercise is the first step towards development of a framework for a systems biology analysis of the protein production process.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge funding from CSIR (HCP004A; fellowship to SG) and UGC (fellowship to DN). We thank Beena Pillai for useful discussions. We thank a reviewer for several helpful suggestions and for bringing to our attention literature reports on regulation of transcription termination by RNA.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India

    Sucheta Gokhale, Dimpal Nyayanit & Chetan Gadgil

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  1. Sucheta Gokhale
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  2. Dimpal Nyayanit
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  3. Chetan Gadgil
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Correspondence to Chetan Gadgil.

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Gokhale, S., Nyayanit, D. & Gadgil, C. A systems view of the protein expression process. Syst Synth Biol 5, 139–150 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11693-011-9088-1

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