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Les 10es Entretiens de nutrition, institut Pasteur de Lille L’obésité, une maladie nutritionnelle ?

Stress et prise de poids

Stress and weight-gain

  • Dossier Thématique / Thematic File
  • Published:
Obésité

Résumé

L’observation clinique suggère que le stress ait un impact sur la prise de poids. Cet article fait le point sur les données cliniques, épidémiologiques, expérimentales et mécanistiques récentes. Le stress peut favoriser une prise alimentaire, surtout chez les sujets restreints. La prise de poids est surtout abdominale pouvant conduire à un syndrome métabolique et à un risque cardiovasculaire accru. La stimulation de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophysosurrénalien et la synthèse dans le tissu adipeux de cortisol ainsi que la stimulation du système sympathique sont les mécanismes habituellement reconnus. Des voies de prévention sont évoquées, notamment l’effet possible des acides gras oméga-3 à longue chaîne sur certains points d’impact.

Abstract

Clinical observation suggests that stress affects weight gain. This article analyses recent clinical, epidemiological, experimental and mechanistic data. Stress can promote increased dietary intake, particularly in restrained eaters. The weight gain essentially affects the abdomen and can thus lead to metabolic syndrome and increased risk of cardiovascular disorders. Mechanisms generally observed are stimulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, cortisol synthesis in adipose tissue and stimulation of the sympathetic system. Preventive measures are described, including the possible effect of long chain omega-3 fatty acids on some points of impact.

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  1. Service de nutrition et de médecine interne, institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France

    J. -M. Lecerf

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Ce texte correspond à une conférence faite par l’auteur, il n’a donc pas été soumis à l’appréciation du comité de rédaction.

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Lecerf, J.M. Les 10es Entretiens de nutrition, institut Pasteur de Lille L’obésité, une maladie nutritionnelle ?. Obes 3, 133–140 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11690-008-0143-3

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