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Souffrances et croyances chez 1000 sujets en surpoids ou obèses en France

The suffering and beliefs of 1000 overweight or obese subjects in France

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Obésité

Résumé

Résumé

Peu de travaux prennent en considération les sujets en surpoids en dehors des circuits de consultation. Ce travail vise à mieux connaître le vécu de ces sujets, tant leur souffrance, les causes perçues de la prise de poids, que leur représentation de la perte de poids.

Sujets et méthodes

Une enquête a été réalisée chez 1000 sujets en surpoids (SP) [75,8 %] ou obèses (OB) [24,2 %] âgés de 18 à 70 ans, à partir d’un entretien téléphonique.

Résultats

1) La souffrance: 58 % des OB se sentent vraiment trop gros contre 30 % des sujets SP. Plus les sujets considèrent que le SP est une gêne pour leur vie sociale, plus ils font des régimes. Tristesse, solitude, souffrance croissent avec l’augmentation de l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC). La souffrance est signalée par 28 % des SP contre 52 % des OB (p < 0,001). En cas d’obésité, les femmes disent souffrir deux fois plus souvent que les hommes (65 versus 33 %) [p < 0,001]; 2) les causes perçues du surpoids: l’alimentation est la première cause citée (39 %) avec des différences hommes-femmes importantes: 58 % des hommes contre 22 % des femmes la citent en premier (p < 0,01). La moitié des sujets pense avoir une alimentation trop riche bien que les deux tiers des sujets considèrent, malgré tout, avoir une alimentation normale et saine. Huit pour cent des sujets invoquent une cause psychologique comme cause principale de leur SP; 3) les régimes et la perte de poids: la perte de poids s’accompagne de craintes variées: perdre son image de bon vivant, perdre sa liberté, devenir irritable, dépressif et surtout ne plus manger ce que l’on veut, (réponse donnée par 61 % des OB). Plus les sujets ont fait des régimes, plus ils craignent de devenir irritables et agressifs (19 % des SP n’ayant jamais fait de régime contre 37 % de ceux qui ont fait trois régimes et davantage [p < 0,001]).

Conclusion

La souffrance ressentie est croissante avec le poids, davantage chez les femmes que chez les hommes. Mais, la plupart des sujets craignent de perdre du poids, car ils ont peur des conséquences psychologiques des régimes.

Abstract

Abstract

Few studies take into consideration overweight and obese subjects outside the consultation room. This study aims to better understand the experiences of these subjects, their suffering, perceived causes of their weight gain and perception of their weight loss.

Subjects and methods

A telephone survey was conducted of a representative sample of 1000 overweight (OW) (75.8%) or obese OB [24.6%] subjects.

Results

1) Suffering: 58% of the obese subjects and 30% of the OW subjects feel that they are much too fat. The more the subjects believe their excess weight to be an obstacle to their social life, the more they diet. Sadness, loneliness, suffering increase in line with Body Mass Index: suffering is mentioned by 28% of the OW subjects and 52% of the OB (P < 0.001). Obese women are twice as likely to express their suffering as OB men (65 vs 33%, P < 0.001); 2) perceived causes of OW or obesity: diet is the first cause cited (39%), with major differences between the gender: 58% of men as opposed to 22% of women quote diet as the most important factor (P < 0.01). Half of the subjects believe their diet is too rich, although 2/3 consider they have a normal, healthy diet. Eight percent say that their OW is principally caused by a psychological problem; 3) diet and weight loss: weight loss is accompanied by various fears: losing one’s jolly image, losing one’s freedom, fear of becoming irritable or depressive; and above all no longer being able to eat what one wants (61% of OB subjects). The more the subjects diet, the more they are afraid of becoming irritable and aggressive (19% for those who never diet as opposed to 37% for three who have dieted three times or more [P < 0.001]).

Conclusion

Suffering grows in line with weight gain, more so in women than in men. But most subjects are afraid of losing weight because they fear the psychological consequences of restrictive diets…

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Correspondence to J. -M. Lecerf.

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Waysfeld, B., Lecerf, J.M., Klein, P. et al. Souffrances et croyances chez 1000 sujets en surpoids ou obèses en France. Obes 2, 245–253 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11690-007-0069-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11690-007-0069-1

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