Abstract
Purpose
Visceral schistosomosis is an economically important trematode infection caused by Schistosoma spindale and S. indicum in among ruminants. The lack of sensitive diagnostic tools has often led to underestimation of the prevalence in live animals. A sensitive copro-PCR targeting partial mitochondrial gene was developed to detect Schistosoma spp. However, this protocol could not differentiate between the two species. This study was conducted to explore the possibility of species differentiation using restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR products (PCR- RFLP).
Methods
Polymerase chain reaction was carried out to amplify mitochondrial gene of adult S. spindale and S. indicum. Copro PCR was done with schistosome-positive faecal samples. A novel PCR–RFLP was designed targeting the Hpy166II recognition sequence in the mitochondrial gene sequence of S. indicum.
Result
The PCR using primers targeting the mitochondrial gene of S. spindale and S. indicum amplified a distinct product of approximately 454 bp with adult fluke as well as faecal DNA, which upon RFLP with Hpy166II yielded 330 bp and 124 bp products with S. indicum amplicons alone.
Conclusion
The novel PCR–RFLP possesses the potential to be used in epidemiological surveys among bovines and in snail intermediate hosts to screen for S. spindale and S. indicum infection.
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the grants received from Kerala State Council for Science Technology and Environment and technical support of Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Kerala, India for conducting the research.
Funding
The Grants for research received from Kerala State Council for Science Technology and Environment vide Council (P) order no.411/2021/KSCSTE dated 08.10.2021.
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BL planned the research work and drafted the manuscript. JJ performed the PCR. Amrutha provided support for RFLP studies and drafting manuscript. PMN critically reviewed the manuscript.
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The work has been done as per the guidelines of institutional ethical committee. The article does not contain any experimental studies on animals and the protocols followed using flukes are ethical.
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The flukes were collected from mesentery of cattle from organised abattoirs.
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Lakshmanan, B., Jose, J., Anand, A. et al. A Novel PCR–RFLP to Detect and Differentiate Schistosoma spindale and S. indicum, the Pathogenic Schistosomes in Indian Cattle. Acta Parasit. 67, 1778–1781 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-022-00606-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-022-00606-5