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An Unusual Type of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Gambusia affinis in Peru, with Notes on Introductions

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Abstract

Background

Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus Van Cleave (Zoo Anz 43: 177–1990, 1913) Van Cleave (Ill Natl Hist Surv Bull 13:225–257, 1919) is a North American acanthocephalan originally described from Micropterus salmoides (Lacépède) in Pelican Lake, Minnesota. It is common in Centrarchids but also not infrequent in fishes of other families.

Purpose

A unique population of N. cylindratus was discovered in Peru. It needed to be described and its introduction into Peru investigated.

Methods

Standard processing of specimens and staining in Borax carmine and fast green for creating whole mounts were employed. Literature sources were available from the OMA personal collection.

Results

The descriptive accounts of N. cylindratus have been rather stable over the years since its original description. It has been, however, oddly identified from Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard) in Peru. Females of the Peruvian specimens were, however, not typical in having a terminal-near terminal gonopore at odds with the sub-ventral position characteristic of the usual populations of N. cylindratus in North America. We describe the Peruvian material and outline the distinct morphological variations from the North American populations in the position of the female gonopore, among other characters. We also explain its introduction into Peru and the translocation of the position of female gonopore to the terminal position.

Conclusions

The translocation to the terminal position of the female gonopore in the Peruvian material is attributed to host related developmental factors. The route of introduction of N. cylindratus into Peru through the introduction of G. affinis from the United States has been accounted for. It may be comparable to the introduction of the same acanthocephalan species into northern Mexico via the documented introduction of its primary host, M. salmoides, also from the United States into Mexico in 1930. The introduction of Acanthocephalus dirus Van Cleave (Ill Natl Hist Surv Bull 13:225–257, 1919) (Van Cleave and Townsend, 1936) into Mexico is also discussed.

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Acknowledgements

We are most grateful to Dr. Nataliya Rubtsova, Parasitology Center, Scottsdale, Arizona for her outstanding expert help in the refining and organization of plates and figures. Madison Laurence, Bean Museum, Bringham Young University, Provo, Utah kindly organized the color plate.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA

    Omar M. Amin

  2. Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Oceanografía y Pesquería, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Francia 726, Miraflores, Lima, Peru

    César Peña

  3. Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura, Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE), Esquina Gamarra y General Valle s/n. Casilla Postal 22, Callao, Peru

    Teresa Castro

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Correspondence to Omar M. Amin.

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Amin, O.M., Peña, C. & Castro, T. An Unusual Type of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Gambusia affinis in Peru, with Notes on Introductions. Acta Parasit. 66, 1229–1239 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00392-6

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