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Genetic Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Lato in Livestock and Human Isolates from North of Iran Indicates the Presence of E. ortleppi in Cattle

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Abstract

Purpose

Identification of different genotypes of echinococcal cyst in various domestic herbivores and humans within the target area was the principal aim of the present study, performed using sequence data of cox1 and nad1 mitochondrial genes.

Methods

A total of 57 cystic echinococcosis (CE) cysts were isolated from indigenous livestock including 45 cattle, 9 sheep and 3 goats from several slaughterhouses in Guilan Province. Moreover, 12 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CE cyst tissues from humans were also included, obtained from the archives of several hospitals in Rasht, the capital of Guilan. Genetic sequencing was conducted using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes.

Results

Our results found that E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) and E. ortleppi were present in 92.7% and 7.2% isolates, respectively. E. granulosus s.s. (genotypes G1 and G3) and E. ortleppi were isolated from various livestock whereas all CE cysts isolated from humans were E. granulosus s.s. G1 genotype.

Conclusion

We found that E. granulosus s.s. G1 was the predominant genotype within the study region. This is the first study to report E. ortleppi in cattle in Iran.

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Funding

This study has been financially supported by Research Deputy of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, with project No. 95110216.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

    Khadijeh Nematdoost & Meysam Sharifdini

  2. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

    Khadijeh Nematdoost, Keyhan Ashrafi, Bijan Majidi-Shad & Meysam Sharifdini

  3. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Eshrat Beigom Kia

  4. Veterinary Head Office of Guilan Province, Rasht, Iran

    Arash Zeinali

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Contributions

MS, KA, BM and EBK conceived and designed the study. AZ and KN provided the samples. KN performed the molecular experiments. MS supervised molecular phylogenetic analyses and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Meysam Sharifdini.

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We declare that we have no conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences with ethics number of IR.GUMS.REC.1395.345.

Informed Consent

Formal consent and permission for research use of human CE cysts samples were obtained from both Ethics Committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences and the responsible authorities of the referral hospitals (Razi and Poursina) in Rasht, Guilan, Iran.

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Nematdoost, K., Ashrafi, K., Majidi-Shad, B. et al. Genetic Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Lato in Livestock and Human Isolates from North of Iran Indicates the Presence of E. ortleppi in Cattle. Acta Parasit. 66, 446–454 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-020-00293-0

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