Abstract
Posterior shoulder instability is an entity of low prevalence. An atraumatic etiology makes its diagnosis more difficult owing to the absence of inciting factors. A specific clinical and diagnostic examination is required to make the correct diagnosis. Scapular dyskinesis offers insight into the pathogenesis and thus helps rationalizing conservative treatment as the first choice in most cases. The rehabilitation protocol should be analyzed and customized to correct the abnormal biomechanics of the shoulder, providing a strengthening program to avoid persistence of symptoms or recurrence. Failure of conservative treatment warrants surgical interventions such as arthroscopic stabilization, posterior bone block, or, rarely, shoulder arthrodesis.
Zusammenfassung
Die posteriore Schulterinstabilität ist eine Entität niedriger Prävalenz. Die atraumatische Ätiologie erschwert die Diagnosestellung aufgrund fehlender auslösender Faktoren. Für die korrekte Diagnosestellung ist eine spezifische klinische Untersuchung erforderlich. Die Skapuladyskinesie erlaubt Einblicke in die Pathogenese und trägt zur Optimierung der konservativen Behandlung bei, welche in den meisten Fällen als Therapie der ersten Wahl gilt. Das Rehabilitationsprotokoll sollte ausgewertet und individuell angepasst werden, um die anomale Biomechanik der Schulter zu korrigieren; ein Trainingsprogramm zur Muskelstärkung dient dazu, eine Symptompersistenz und Rezidive zu verhindern. Bei Versagen der konservativen Therapie sind chirurgische Maßnahmen gerechtfertigt. Dazu gehören die arthroskopische Stabilisierung, der posteriore Knochenblock oder – selten – die Schulterarthrodese.
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C.A. Augusti, N. Jain, P. Paladini, F. Inglese, G. Merolla, and G. Porcellini declare that they have no competing interests.
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. Additional informed consent was obtained from all individual participants for whom indentifying information is included in this article.
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Augusti, C.A., Jain, N., Paladini, P. et al. Diagnosis and conservative treatment of atraumatic posterior shoulder instability. Obere Extremität 12, 75–81 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11678-017-0402-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11678-017-0402-8