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Journal of Bioethical Inquiry

, Volume 13, Issue 4, pp 557–570 | Cite as

Inhospitable Healthcare Spaces: Why Diversity Training on LGBTQIA Issues Is Not Enough

  • Megan A. Dean
  • Elizabeth Victor
  • Laura Guidry-Grimes
Original Research
First Online:

Abstract

In an effort to address healthcare disparities in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) populations, many hospitals and clinics institute diversity training meant to increase providers’ awareness of and sensitivity to this patient population. Despite these efforts, many healthcare spaces remain inhospitable to LGBTQ patients and their loved ones. Even in the absence of overt forms of discrimination, LGBTQ patients report feeling anxious, unwelcome, ashamed, and distrustful in healthcare encounters. We argue that these negative experiences are produced by a variety of subtle, ostensibly insignificant features of healthcare spaces and interpersonal interactions called microaggressions. Healthcare spaces and providers often convey heteronormative microaggressions, which communicate to LGBTQ—and, we suggest, intersex and asexual (IA)—people that their identities, experiences, and relationships are abnormal, pathological, unexpected, unwelcome, or shameful. We identify heteronormative microaggressions common to healthcare settings and specify how they negatively impact LGBTQIA patients. We argue that standard diversity training cannot sufficiently address heteronormative microaggressions. Despite these challenges, healthcare institutions and providers must take responsibility for heteronormative microaggressions and take steps to reduce their frequency and mitigate their effects on LGBTQIA care. We conclude by offering strategies for problem-solving at the level of medical education, institutional culture and policy, and individual awareness.

Keywords

Microaggressions Heteronormativity LGBTQIA health Diversity training Queer bioethics 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Nabina Liebow, participants at the 2014 meeting of the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities and the 2015 meeting of Canadian Bioethical Society, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on this paper. Megan Dean would like to thank the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for its support.

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Copyright information

© Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pty Ltd. 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Megan A. Dean
    • 1
  • Elizabeth Victor
    • 2
  • Laura Guidry-Grimes
    • 3
  1. 1.215 New North HallWashingtonUSA
  2. 2.William Paterson UniversityWayneUSA
  3. 3.Medstar Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown UniversityWashingtonUSA

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