Abstract
In this study, the 3 dimensional description of the quaternary subsolidus slag system aluminasilicacalcia-magnesia is evaluated using Mathematica programming based on previous experimental research data. The lever rule in the tetrahedra is then applied for a given arbitrary liquid composition %A + %B + %C + %D = 100 in order to calculate the solid phases present (neglecting solid solutions) with their relative proportions after the solidification is completed. A novel transformation and algorithm are then developed using simple geometry and Matlab programming which can also be used for other subsolidus systems in case appropriate data are provided.
Similar content being viewed by others
Change history
19 April 2023
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01036-0
References
E.M. Levin, C.R. Robbins, and H.F. McMurdie, Phase Diagrams for Ceramists-1975 Supplement. American Ceramic Society, Columbus, 1975.
J. Strigac, S. Sahu, and J. Majling, Phase Compatibility in the Systems CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-SO3, CaO-Al2O3-Fe2O-SO3, and SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-SO3, Ceram. Silik., 1998, 42, p 141–149.
K. Koch, G. Trömel, and G. Heinz, Das Hochofenschlackensystem Al2O3–CaO-MgO-SiO2 bei 1600, 1500 und 1400 °C, Arch. Eisenhüttenwes., 1975, 46(3), p 165–171.
K. Koch, W. Fix, and G. Trömel, Die Phosphorgehalte im Eisen unter Schlacken des Systems CaO-FeOn-P205-Si02 bei 1600 °C, Arch. Eisenhüttenwes., 1970, 41(3), p 213–219.
B.A. Vaazquez, A. Caballero, and P. Pena, Quaternary System Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2: I, Study of the Crystallization Volume of Al2O3, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2003, 86(12), p 2195–2199.
B.A. Vaazquez, A. Caballero, and P. Pena, Quaternary System Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2: II Study of the Crystallization Volume of MgAl2O4, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2005, 88(7), p 1949–1957.
F.A. Hummel, Introduction to Phase Equilibria in Ceramic Systems. Routledge, UK, 2018. , ISBN-10: 0367451832 ISBN-13: 978-0367451837
K.G. Cox, J.D. Bell, and R.J. Pankhurst, The Interpretation of Igneous Rock. Springer, Berlin, 1993.
V.I. Lutsyk, A.E. Zelenaya, E.R. Nasrulin, 4D space models of quaternary systems for the phase diagrams graphics correction, in 3rd International Conference on Competitive Materials and Technology Processes (IC-CMTP3) IOP Publishing, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 123 (2016), p. 012036.
E.F. Osborn, A. Muan, Phase equilibrium diagrams of oxide systems. System CaO-Al2O3-SiO2, Plate 1 Figure 630; System MgO-Al2O3-SiO2; Plate 3 Figure 712, in ed by C.R. Robbins, H.F. Mc Murdie Phase Diagrams for Ceramists (The American Ceramic Society, Colombus, Ohio, 1960).
A.H. De Aza, P. Pena, and S. De Aza, Ternary System Al2O3–MgO–CaO: I, Primary Phase Field of Crystallization of Spinel in the Subsystem MgAl2O4-CaAl4O7-CaO-MgO, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1999, 82(8), p 2193–2203.
A.H. De Aza, J.E. Iglesias, P. Pena, and S. De Aza, ‘Ternary System Al2O3-MgO-CaO: Part II, Phase Relationships in the Subsystem Al2O3-MgAl2O4-CaAl4O7, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2000, 83(4), p 919–927.
R.C. Devries, and E.F. Osborn, Phase Equilibria in High-Alumina Part of the System CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1957, 40(1), p 6–15.
Z.E. Erkmen, E. Çataklı, and M. Lütfi Öveçoğlu, Characterisation and Crystallisation Kinetics of Glass Ceramics Developed from Erdemir Blast Furnace Slags Containing Cr2O3 and TiO2 Nucleants, Adv. Appl. Ceram., 2009, 108(1), p 57–66.
F. Lai, M. Leng, J. Li, and Q. Liu, The Crystallization Behaviors of SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-TiO2 Glass-Ceramic Systems, Curr. Comput. Aided Drug Des., 2020, 10(794), p 1–13.
M. Kou, S. Wu, X. Ma et al., Phase Equilibrium Studies of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 System with Binary Basicity of 1.5 Related to Blast Furnace Slag, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2016, 47(2), p 1093–1102.
D. Wang, M. Chen, Y. Jiang et al., Phase Equilibria Studies in the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO System with CaO/SiO2 Ratio of 0.9, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2020, 103(12), p 7299–7309.
Acknowledgment
We are grateful and respectful to the honor of Professor Mathematician Tahsin Çizenel deceised, author of Geometry books in 2D and 3D for his help in the derivation of transformations based on 3D Geometry.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The original online version of this article was revised to correct typographical errors.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Yelkenci, T., Engin Erkmen, Z. A Mathematical Computer Model for Estimating Phase Weight/Atomic Fractions for Iron Slags’ System (SiO2-Al203-CaO-MgO) at Subsolidus Temperatures. J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 44, 200–207 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01033-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01033-3