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Experimental Liquidus Studies of the Pb-Fe-Ca-O System in Air

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Abstract

Phase equilibria of the Pb-Fe-Ca-O system have been investigated at 1043-1653 K (770-1380 °C) for oxide liquid in equilibrium with air and solid oxide phases: (a) hematite Fe2O3; (b) spinel (Fe,Ca)Fe2O4; (c) calcium ferrites CaFe4O7, CaFe2O4, Ca2Fe2O5; (d) lead ferrites (magnetoplumbite (Pb,Ca)O·12FeO1.5, plumboferrite (Pb,Ca)O·(5 + x)FeO1.5, 1:1 lead ferrite (Pb,Ca)O·(1 ± x)FeO1.5); (e) lead oxide PbO (massicot); (f) calcium plumbate Ca2PbO4; and (g) lime CaO. High-temperature equilibration on inert metal (platinum, gold) substrates, followed by quenching and direct measurement of Pb, Fe and Ca concentrations in the phases with the electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPMA) has been used to accurately characterize the system in equilibrium with air. All results are projected onto the PbO-“FeO1.5”-CaO plane for presentation purposes. The present study is the first systematic characterization of liquidus over a wide range of compositions in this system in equilibrium with air.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Nyrstar (Australia), Outotec Pty Ltd (Australia), Aurubis AG (Germany), Umicore NV (Belgium), and Kazzinc Ltd, Glencore (Kazakhstan), and Australian Research Council Linkage Project LP150100783 for their financial support for this research. The authors are grateful to Prof. Peter C. Hayes (UQ) for valuable comments and suggestions, to Ms. Suping Huang for assistance with conducting experiments, and to the staff of the University of Queensland Centre for Microanalysis and Microscopy (CMM) for their support in maintenance and operation of scanning and electron microprobe facilities in the Centre.

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  1. Pyrometallurgy Innovation Centre (PYROSEARCH), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    M. Shevchenko & E. Jak

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Correspondence to M. Shevchenko.

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Shevchenko, M., Jak, E. Experimental Liquidus Studies of the Pb-Fe-Ca-O System in Air. J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 128–137 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-018-0703-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-018-0703-7

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