Abstract
In support of computational design of coherent aluminide strengthened Nb alloys, the phase equilibria in a series of six Nb-Pd-Hf-Al alloys were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). All alloys were heat treated at 1200°C for 200 h, while three alloys were also heat treated at 1500°C for 200 h. Three-phase equilibria and two-phase equilibria were observed in two alloys at both temperatures. Two more alloys also exhibited three-phase equilibria at 1200 °C, while one alloy exhibited two-phase equilibria at 1200 °C. A final alloy revealed four-phase equilibria at both temperatures, confirming the presence of a unique tie-tetrahedron in the Nb-Pd-Hf-Al system. Based on the characterization of phases by SEM and XRD, the Nb-Pd-Hf-Al partial phase diagram at 1200 °C has been constructed. Such phase diagrams provide the basis for designing precipitation-strengthened Nb-based superalloys.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E.A. Brandes and G.B. Brook, Smithells Metals Reference Book, 7th ed., Buterworth-Heinemann, 1992, p 2
C. Bouillet, D. Ciosmak, M. Lallemant, C. Laruelle, and J.J. Heizmann, Oxidation of Niobium Sheets at High Temperature, Solid State Ionics, Vol 101, 1997, p 819–824.
M.J. Davidson, M. Biberger, and A.K. Mukherjee, Creep of Niobium and Solid-Solution Strengthened Nb-1wt.Percent-Zr. Scr. Metall. Mater., Vol 27, 1992, p 1829–1834
G.B. Olson, Computational Design of Hierarchically Structured Materials. Science, Vol 277, 1997, p 1237–1242
A. Misra, R. Bishop, G. Ghosh, and G.B. Olson, Phase Equilibria in Prototype Nb-Pd-Hd-Al Alloys. Metall. Mater. Trans., Vol 34A, 2003, p 1771–1781
S.N. Tripathi and S.R. Bharadwaj, The Hf-Pd (Hafnium-Palladium) System, J. Phase Equilibria, Vol 16, 1995, p 527–531
http://servermac.geologie.uni-frankfurt.de/MacDiff.html
B.D. Cullity, Elements of X-Ray Diffraction, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, 1978, p 350–367
H. King, Crystal Structure of the Elements at 25 °C, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams, Vol 2, 1981, p 402
M. Ettenberg, K. Komarek, and E. Miller, Thermodynamic Properties and Ordering in PdAl, Metall. Trans., Vol 2, 1971, p 1173–1181
R. Marazza, G. Rambaldi, and R. Ferro, Fasi Intermetalliche Ternarie, a Rapporto Stochiometrico 1:1:2, di Struttura Tipo CsCl o Tipo AlCu2Mn, Atti Della Accademia Nazioonale Dei Lincei, Classe Di Scienze Fiiche, Matematiche E Naturali, Rendiconti, Vol 55, 1973, p 518–521 (in Italian)
F. Ebrahimi and J.G.L. Ruiz-Aparicio, Diffusivity in the Nb-Ti-Al Ternary Solid Solution, J. Alloys Compd., Vol 245, 1996, p 1–9
V.N. Kuznetsov, G.P. Zhmurko, and E.M. Sokolovskaya, Phase Equilibria and Structural Stability of Intermetallics in the Pt-Pd-Hf and Pt-Pd-Zr Systems. J. Less-Common Met., Vol 163, 1990, p 1–8
Powder Diffraction Files, 1998, JCPDS-International Centre for Diffraction Data
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., J.L. Murray, A.J. McAlister, and D.J. Kahan, Ed., Vol 1, ASM International, 1990, p 156–157
Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, 2nd ed., A.J. McAlister, Ed., Vol 1, ASM International, 1990, p 189–192
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Misra, A., Ghosh, G. & Olson, G.B. Phase relations in the Nb-Pd-Hf-Al system. J Phs Eqil and Diff 25, 507–514 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-004-0063-3
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-004-0063-3