Abstract
The present work investigates the failure of a bearing cap bolt of a commercial vehicle that suffered a premature failure after running for 1810 kms. Detailed failure analysis has been carried out involving visual inspection, magnetic particle inspection, fractography, microstructural analysis and hardness test. The investigation concludes that the bolt fractured in the shank region due to the presence of seam defect. The crack originated from the seam defect leading to failure of the bolt. It is recommended to emphasize upon adopting best rolling practices pertaining to scale formation and drawing controls for minimization of such defects.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.K. Abdul Jawwad, N. Al Shabatat, M. Mahdi, The effects of joint design, bolting procedure and load eccentricity on fatigue failure characteristics of high-strength steel bolts. Eng. Fail Anal. 122, 105279 (2021)
M.J. O’Brien, R.G. Metcalfe, High strength engineering fasteners: Design for fatigue resistance. J. Fail. Anal. Prev. 9(2), 171–181 (2009)
X. Shen, L. Lu, D. Zeng, Fatigue failure analysis of high strength bolts used for high-speed railway vehicle braking discs. Eng. Fail. Anal. 115, 104661 (2020)
G.H. Majzoobi, G.H. Farrahi, N. Habibi, Experimental evaluation of the effect of thread pitch on fatigue life of bolts. Int. J. Fatigue. 27(2), 189–196 (2005)
N.A. Noda et al., Effect of pitch difference between the bolt-nut connections upon the anti-loosening performance and fatigue life. Mater. Des. 96, 476–489 (2016)
S. A. Nassar, B. S. Munn, and X. Yang, Effect of threaded fastener condition on low cycle fatigue failures in metric bolts under transverse loading, in SAE Technical Papers, 2008, p 2008-01-0700
D. Pilone, A. Brotzu, F. Felli, Failure analysis of connecting bolts used for anchoring streetlights of a mountain highway. Eng. Fail. Anal. 48, 137–143 (2015)
J.A. Álvarez, R. Lacalle, B. Arroyo, S. Cicero, F. Gutiérrez-Solana, Failure analysis of high strength galvanized bolts used in steel towers. Metals (Basel). 6(7), 163 (2016)
F. Casanova, C. Mantilla, Fatigue failure of the bolts connecting a Francis turbine with the shaft. Eng. Fail. Anal. 90, 1–13 (2018)
M.T. Milan, D. Spinelli, W.W. Bose Filho, M.F.V. Montezuma, V. Tita, Failure analysis of a SAE 4340 steel locking bolt. Eng. Fail Anal. 11(6), 915–924 (2004)
K.A. Esaklul, T.M. Ahmed, Prevention of failures of high strength fasteners in use in offshore and subsea applications. Eng. Fail. Anal. 16(4), 1195–1202 (2009)
I. Shakeri, H.K. Danielsen, A. Tribhou, S. Fæster, O.V. Mishin, M.A. Eder, Effect of manufacturing defects on fatigue life of high strength steel bolts for wind turbines. Eng Fail Anal. 141, 106630 (2022)
J. Donofrio, Zinc phosphating. Met. Finish. 108(11), 40–56 (2010)
Designation: F788−20 Standard specification for surface discontinuities of bolts, screws, studs, and rivets, Inch and Metric Series 1.
Z. Yu, X. Xu, Failure analysis of connecting bolts and location pins assembled on the plate of main-shaft used in a locomotive turbo changer. Eng. Fail. Anal. 15(5), 471–479 (2008)
R.G. Baggerly, Quench cracks in truck spring ‘U’ bolts and the implications for spring failure. Eng. Fail. Anal. 1(2), 135–141 (1994)
M.S. Dhanya, S.K. Manwatkar, R.K. Gupta, S.V.S.N. Murty, Failure analysis of EN24 steel M5 shear bolt used in aerospace applications. J. Fail. Anal. Prev. 22(6), 2305–2316 (2022)
Eng, S.B., Hydrogen Embrittlement in Steel Fasteners. 2014.
Fractography, ASM Handbook. vol 12
Acknowledgment
The authors want to thank Dana India Technical Center Private limited, Pune, India, for providing experimental facilities for completing this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Maity, S., Kumar, S. & Sondar, P. Failure Analysis of Drive Head Bolt by Seam Defect. J Fail. Anal. and Preven. 24, 478–485 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-024-01913-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-024-01913-x