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A Comparative Study on Conventional and Hybrid Quenching Hot Forming Methods of 22MnB5 Steel for Mechanical Properties and Microstructure

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Abstract

In this paper, the conventional hot forming and hybrid quenching hot forming processes of Al-Si-coated 22MnB5 steel sheet were investigated and compared at 0.5 s-15 s holding times in the press tool related to the mechanical properties, microstructure, and dimensional accuracy. The conventional hot forming method is classified as a direct method and an indirect method. Both methods have limitations due to processing time and cooling of the press tool. To speed up the process, an alternative cooling method based on spray or jet cooling was used outside of the die tool. The hybrid quenching method involves hot forming and spray cooling process. This method, using spray parameters, provides more effective control in mechanical properties and microstructure compared to the conventional method by using spray parameters. Vickers hardness tests and tensile tests were carried out to compare mechanical properties. Changes in the microstructure of the materials were investigated using an optical microscope. The results show that spray cooling can be used as part of quenching in the hot forming process by reducing the holding time in the press tool by 97%. However, the microstructure, mechanical properties, and geometry deviations of the stamped parts are still below tolerances after the hybrid quenching hot forming process. The use of the hybrid quenching method with multi-point nozzles in the hot forming process resulted in sheet hardness up to 470 HV1 and 8% elongation with tensile strength of 1500 MPa.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for supporting this research under project number 3180620-TÜBİTAK 1501 regarding “Adaptation of hybrid cooling technique to the hot forming process and optimization of part characteristics” and also thank Beyçelik Gestamp for the financial support of the research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beyçelik-Gestamp Company, R and D Department, Bursa, Türkiye

    Ferdi Eşiyok, İlhan Alyay & Tuğçe Turan Abi

  2. Automotive Engineering Department, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Türkiye

    Rukiye Ertan, Gökhan Sevilgen, Emre Bulut & Ferruh Öztürk

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  1. Ferdi Eşiyok
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  2. Rukiye Ertan
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  3. Gökhan Sevilgen
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  4. Emre Bulut
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Correspondence to Rukiye Ertan.

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Eşiyok, F., Ertan, R., Sevilgen, G. et al. A Comparative Study on Conventional and Hybrid Quenching Hot Forming Methods of 22MnB5 Steel for Mechanical Properties and Microstructure. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 32, 1347–1356 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-07167-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-07167-8

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