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Wear Resistance and Tribological Features of Ultra-Fine-Grained Al-Mg Alloys Processed by Constrained Groove Pressing-Cross Route

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Abstract

In the present study, the wear behavior of ultra-fine grained (UFG) Al-Mg alloys produced by a severe plastic deformation (SPD) method was assessed and compared against the annealed coarse-grained alloy. To this end, weight loss, wear resistance, friction coefficient, and morphology of the worn surfaces was investigated. Constrained groove pressing-cross route (CGP-CR) process, an SPD technique, was implemented at ambient temperature up to two passes to impose an equivalent plastic strain of about 4.64. Formation of a UFG structure with an average sub-grain size of ~ 350 nm with an enhanced tensile strength of up to ~ 225 MPa and indentation hardness of up to ~ 95 HV were achieved upon two passes of CGP-CR process. The pin-on-disk dry wear sliding testing was conducted up to a distance of 1000 m under normal loads of 5, 7, and 9 N at a constant sliding speed of 0.5 m/s. The trends measured for the evaluation of wear properties/mechanisms are discussed based on the microstructural features and mechanical property of UFGed alloys. The results showed that by employing the CGP-CR process and through the formation of UFG structure, the wear resistance was considerably increased. This was even beyond two times (~ 100%) larger depending on the normal loading with the lowest coefficient of friction around 0.6. Observation and study of the morphology of the worn surfaces under field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed a change in the wear mechanism from sticking followed by formation of plastic deformation bands and delamination in the coarse-grained annealed alloy into a combined abrasive-adhesive behavior in the UFG material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75168, Iran

    J. Mozafari & H. Eskandari

  2. School of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran

    F. Khodabakhshi

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA

    M. Haghshenas

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Mozafari, J., Khodabakhshi, F., Eskandari, H. et al. Wear Resistance and Tribological Features of Ultra-Fine-Grained Al-Mg Alloys Processed by Constrained Groove Pressing-Cross Route. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 28, 1235–1252 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-3859-3

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