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The Effects of Alloying Elements on the Continuous Cooling Transformation Behavior of 2¼Cr-1Mo Steels

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Abstract

The continuous cooling transformation (CCT) behavior of eight 2¼Cr-1Mo steels from a statistically designed matrix was determined. These steels contained two levels of carbon (0.07 and 0.16 wt.%), manganese (0.35 and 0.85%), chromium (1.5 and 2.8%), and molybdenum (0.3 and 1.25%). Each steel was tested in a quenching dilatometer at five to six cooling rates between 725 and 1.2 °C/min. For each CCT sample, the change in length, microstructure, and macrohardness were determined. The ferrite content was also measured for samples cooled near the ferrite nose. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed for various CCT diagram parameters. The correlation analysis showed that carbon and chromium contents significantly affected the critical temperatures and the bainite and martensite transformation temperatures. Increasing carbon content significantly increased the hardness for the bainite and martensite range of cooling rates, but hardness at slower cooling rates was unaffected by alloying elements. Regression equations were obtained for the critical temperatures and the ferrite nose cooling rate.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Bevil J. Shaw for his project activities to provide the source materials at the former Westinghouse R&D Center in Pittsburgh, PA and the permission of R. W. Swindeman of Oak Ridge National Laboratories to utilize the Charpy specimens tested in Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC05-78ET13513. The authors wish to thank the management and staff of the Climax Molybdenum Company and Westinghouse for funding and performing some of the technical experiments.

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  1. Element Materials Technology, Wixom, MI, USA

    John M. Tartaglia, Alison N. Kuelz & Veronica Hatty Thelander

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  1. John M. Tartaglia
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  2. Alison N. Kuelz
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  3. Veronica Hatty Thelander
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Correspondence to John M. Tartaglia.

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Tartaglia, J.M., Kuelz, A.N. & Thelander, V.H. The Effects of Alloying Elements on the Continuous Cooling Transformation Behavior of 2¼Cr-1Mo Steels. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 6349–6364 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3683-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3683-1

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