Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of Annealing on Mechanical Properties and Formability of Cold Rolled Thin Sheets of Fe-P P/M Alloys

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Phosphorus in steel is known to increase strength and hardness and decrease ductility. Higher phosphorus content (more than 0.05%), however, promotes brittle behavior due to segregation of Fe3P along the grain boundaries which makes further mechanical working of these alloys difficult. In this work, thin sheets of Fe-P alloys (with phosphorus in range of 0.1–0.35%) have been developed through processing by powder metallurgy followed by hot rolling and cold rolling. The effect of phosphorus content and annealing parameters (temperature and time) on microstructure, mechanical properties, formability in biaxial stretching and fracture behavior of the cold rolled and annealed sheets has been studied. A comparison has also been made between the properties of the sheets made through P/M route and the conventional cast route with similar phosphorus content. It has been shown that thin sheets of Fe-P alloys with phosphorous up to 0.35% possessing a good combination of strength and formability can be produced through rolling of billets of these alloys made through powder metallurgy technique without the problem of segregation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. G. Sahoo and R. Balasubramaniam, Mechanical Behavior of Novel Phosphoric Irons for Concrete Reinforcement Applications, Scripta Materialia, 2007, 56, p 117–120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. C.J. McMahon, Brittle Fracture of Grain Boundaries, Interface Sci., 2004, 12(2–3), p 141–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Vsianska, The Effect of Segregated Sp-Impurities on Grain-Boundary and Surface Structure, Magnetism and Embrittlement in Nickel, Prog. Mater. Sci., 2011, 56, p 817–840

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, Steels for Bearings, Prog. Mater. Scie., 2012, 57, p 268–435

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. M.H. Tikkanen, The Application of Sintering Theory in Practice, Physics of Sintering- Theory and Practice, M.M. Risti, Ed., 1973, p 441–453

  6. S.V. Muchnik, Phosphorus-Containing Alloys, Encycl. Inorg. Mater., 1977, 2, p 666–667

    Google Scholar 

  7. J. Das, K. Chandra, P.S. Mishra, and B. Sharma, Hardness and Tensile Properties of Fe-P Based Alloys Made Through Powder Forging Technique, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2008, 479, p 164–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Trivedi, D. Ravi Kumar, and S. Aravindan, Development of Thin Sheets From Fe-P Alloys Through P/M Technique, Procedia Mate. Sci., 2014, 6, p 129–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. H. Hu, Effect of Mn on Annealing Texture, Plastic Anisotropy and Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Steels Containing 0.067% P, Mater. Trans. A, 1977, 8A, p 1567–1575

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. S. Suzuki, M. Obata, K. Abiko, and H. Kimura, Tetsu-to-Hagane [in Japanese], Trans. ISIJ, 1985, 25, p 62–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. J.W. Stewart, J.A. Charles, and E.R. Wallach, Iron–Phosphorus–Carbon Systems Part-1 Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Iron–Phosphorus System, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2000, 16(3), p 275–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. P. Ghosh, C. Ghosh, and R.K. Ray, Precipitation in Interstitial Free High Strength Steels, ISIJ Int., 2009, 49, p 1080–1086

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Hong, S.Y. Shin, J. Lee, C.H. Lee, and S. Lee, Effect of Phosphorous and Boron Addition on Microstructural Evolution and Charpy Impact Properties of High-Phosphorous-Containing Plain Carbon Steels, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2013, A564, p 461–472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. D. Sharma, K. Chandra, and P.S. Mishra, Design and Development of Powder Processed Fe-P Based Alloys, J. Mater. Design, 2011, 32, p 3198–3204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Gauthama and R. Balasubramaniam, Alloy Design of Ductile Phosphoric Iron: Idea from Archaeometallurgy, Bull. Mater. Sci., 2003,26, p 483-491

  16. Y. Mehta and P.S. Mishra, Thermo-Mechanical Processing of Iron–Phosphorous–Carbon Alloys, Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, 2011, 10(1), p 93–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Ghosh and S. Hecker, Failure in Thin Sheets Stretched Over Rigid Punches, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 1975, 6(4), p 1065–1074

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. N.P. Allen, Iron and its Dilute Solid Solutions, Willey Interscience, New York, 1963, p 271–308

    Google Scholar 

  19. B.D. Clarke and I.D. McIvor, Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 1989, 16, p 335–344

    Google Scholar 

  20. X. Qu, S. Gowri, and J.A. Lund, Sintering Behaviour and Strength of Fe-Si-P Compacts, Int. J Powder Metall., 1991, 27(1), p 9–13

    Google Scholar 

  21. D. Ravi Kumar, Formability Analysis of Extra-Deep Drawing Steel, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2002, 130–131, p 32–42

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India

    Shefali Trivedi, D. Ravi Kumar & S. Aravindan

Authors
  1. Shefali Trivedi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. Ravi Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Aravindan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shefali Trivedi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Trivedi, S., Ravi Kumar, D. & Aravindan, S. Effect of Annealing on Mechanical Properties and Formability of Cold Rolled Thin Sheets of Fe-P P/M Alloys. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 25, 4537–4548 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-016-2272-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-016-2272-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation