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Finite Element Analysis of a Copper Single Crystal Shape Memory Alloy-Based Endodontic Instruments

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Abstract

The aim of the present paper is the development of endodontic Cu-based single crystal Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) instruments in order to eliminate the antimicrobial and mechanical deficiencies observed with the conventional Nickel-Titane (NiTi) SMA files. A thermomechanical constitutive law, already developed and implemented in a finite element code by our research group, is adopted for the simulation of the single crystal SMA behavior. The corresponding material parameters were identified starting from experimental results for a tensile test at room temperature. A computer-aided design geometry has been achieved and considered for a finite element structural analysis of the endodontic Cu-based single crystal SMA files. They are meshed with tetrahedral continuum elements to improve the computation time and the accuracy of results. The geometric parameters tested in this study are the length of the active blade, the rod length, the pitch, the taper, the tip diameter, and the rod diameter. For each set of adopted parameters, a finite element model is built and tested in a combined bending-torsion loading in accordance with ISO 3630-1 norm. The numerical analysis based on finite element procedure allowed purposing an optimal geometry suitable for Cu-based single crystal SMA endodontic files. The same analysis was carried out for the classical NiTi SMA files and a comparison was made between the two kinds of files. It showed that Cu-based single crystal SMA files are less stiff than the NiTi files. The Cu-based endodontic files could be used to improve the root canal treatments. However, the finite element analysis brought out the need for further investigation based on experiments.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Professor M. Ganapathi for his valuable help in writing this paper. We thank Dr. M. Engels-Deutsch for his co-direction in this study. This study was partly supported by Micro-Mega® (Besançon, France).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculté d’Odontologie, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France

    Marin Vincent & Marc Engels-Deutsch

  2. Université de Lorraine, LEMTA, UMR 7563, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    Marin Vincent, Frédéric Thiebaud, Saifeddine Bel Haj Khalifa, Marc Engels-Deutsch & Tarak Ben Zineb

  3. CNRS, LEMTA, UMR 7563, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    Marin Vincent, Frédéric Thiebaud, Saifeddine Bel Haj Khalifa, Marc Engels-Deutsch & Tarak Ben Zineb

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  1. Marin Vincent
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Correspondence to Marin Vincent.

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Vincent, M., Thiebaud, F., Bel Haj Khalifa, S. et al. Finite Element Analysis of a Copper Single Crystal Shape Memory Alloy-Based Endodontic Instruments. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 24, 4128–4139 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-015-1677-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-015-1677-9

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