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Effect of Annealing Temperature in Al 1145 Alloy Sheets on Formability, Void Coalescence, and Texture Analysis

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Abstract

This paper deals with a combined forming and fracture limit diagram and void coalescence analysis for the aluminum alloy Al 1145 alloy sheets of 1.8 mm thickness, annealed at four different temperatures, namely 200, 250, 300, and 350 °C. At different annealing temperatures these sheets were examined for their effects on microstructure, tensile properties, formability, void coalescence, and texture. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images taken from the fractured surfaces were examined. The tensile properties and formability of sheet metals were correlated with fractography features and void analysis. The variation of formability parameters, normal anisotropy of sheet metals, and void coalescence parameters were compared with texture analysis.

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Abbreviations

σ:

True stress

ε:

True strain

ε1 :

True major strain

ε2 :

True minor strain

ε3 :

True thickness strain

εe :

True effective strain

εm :

True hydrostatic or mean strain

R-ratio:

Plastic strain ratio (ratio of width to thickness strain)

n :

Strain hardening index or exponent value

K :

Strength coefficient value

R av :

Average plastic strain ratio or normal anisotropy = (R 0 + R 90 + 2R 45)/4

ΔR :

Planar anisotropy

n av :

Average strain hardening index = (n 0 + n 90 + 2n 45)/4

K av :

Average strength coefficient = (K 0 + K 90 + 2K 45)/4

RD:

Rolling direction

ND:

Normal direction

TT:

Strain condition of tension-tension region

PS:

Plane strain condition

TC:

Strain condition of tension-compression region

V a :

Void area fraction

L/W :

Length to width ratio of void

T :

Triaxiality factor

γ12 :

Mohr’s circle Shear strain developed because of ε1 and ε2 ((ε1 − ε2)/2)

γ23 :

Mohr’s circle Shear strain developed because of ε2 and ε3 ((ε2 − ε3)/2)

γ13 :

Mohr’s circle Shear strain developed because of ε1 and ε3 ((ε1 − ε3)/2)

δd :

Relative spacing of the ligaments between two consecutive voids

d-Factor:

A parameter on the void analysis (ratio of the δd to the radius of the void)

ODF:

Orientation distribution function

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

RMA:

Representative material area (i.e., the area chosen in the SEM image)

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Ganesh Sundararaman, Professor, IIT Madras and Dr. Indradev Samajdar, Professor, IIT Mumbai for their encouragement and support and National Facility of Texture and OIM, IIT Mumbai (Supported by DST (IRPHA)).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, VetriVinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Thottiyam, Tiruchirappalli, 621215, Tamil Nadu, India

    K. Velmanirajan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, PET Engineering College, Vallioor, Tirunelveli, 627117, Tamil Nadu, India

    A. Syed Abu Thaheer

  3. Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, Tamil Nadu, India

    R. Narayanasamy

  4. Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India

    R. Madhavan & Satyam Suwas

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  1. K. Velmanirajan
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  3. R. Narayanasamy
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Correspondence to R. Narayanasamy.

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Velmanirajan, K., Thaheer, A.S.A., Narayanasamy, R. et al. Effect of Annealing Temperature in Al 1145 Alloy Sheets on Formability, Void Coalescence, and Texture Analysis. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 22, 1091–1107 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-012-0358-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-012-0358-1

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