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Characteristics of Laser Beam and Friction Stir Welded AISI 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel Joints

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Abstract

This article presents the comparative evaluation of microstructural features and mechanical properties of friction stir welded (solid-state) and laser beam welded (high energy density fusion welding) AISI 409M grade ferritic stainless steel joints. Optical microscopy, microhardness testing, transverse tensile, and impact tests were performed. The coarse ferrite grains in the base material were changed to fine grains consisting duplex structure of ferrite and martensite due to the rapid cooling rate and high strain induced by severe plastic deformation caused by frictional stirring. On the other hand, columnar dendritic grain structure was observed in fusion zone of laser beam welded joints. Tensile testing indicates overmatching of the weld metal relative to the base metal irrespective of the welding processes used. The LBW joint exhibited superior impact toughness compared to the FSW joint.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. G. Padmanbam, Scientist ‘F’ and Mr. N. Shanmugarajan, Scientist ‘D’ of Centre for Laser Processing of Materials (CLPM), International Advanced Research Centre for powder metallurgy & New materials, Hyderabad 500 005, Andhra Pradesh, India for their support and guidance in fabricating LBW joints.

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  1. Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India

    A. K. Lakshminarayanan & V. Balasubramanian

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  1. A. K. Lakshminarayanan
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  2. V. Balasubramanian
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Correspondence to A. K. Lakshminarayanan.

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Lakshminarayanan, A.K., Balasubramanian, V. Characteristics of Laser Beam and Friction Stir Welded AISI 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel Joints. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 21, 530–539 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-9943-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-9943-y

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