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Numerical Investigation of a Highly Efficient Hole Transport Layer-Free Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Based on N719 Dye

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Abstract

Over the last few years, considerable efforts have been invested in designing solar cell modules that are envisaged to revolutionize photovoltaic technology towards clean and sustainable energy. Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) have gained considerable attention because of their robust light harvesting capabilities. Herein, we investigate the performance of a hole transport layer-free (HTL-free) ssDSSC architecture of the configuration ITO/PC61BM/N719 Dye/Ni HTL-free by device simulation using the solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D). The results show viable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.51%, coupled with an impressive fill factor (FF) of 84.58%, indicative of effective charge extraction mechanisms and minimal recombination losses within the device structure. Furthermore, the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and open-circuit voltage (Voc) attained remarkable values of 22.37 mA/cm2 and 0.7665 V, respectively. This work also found that the optimal defect density of the absorber was 1.0 × 1014 cm−3, whereas the optimal donor and acceptor densities were 1.0 × 1016 cm−3 and 1.0 × 1019 cm−3, respectively. These findings underscore the excellent light absorption, efficient charge generation, and good electron–hole separation at device interfaces. The findings of this work accentuate the promise of HTL-free ssDSSCs as high-performing solar cells characterized by simplified device architectures. The elimination of the HTL not only streamlines fabrication processes but also imparts cost efficiencies and enhances device stability. This study thus contributes invaluable insights to the advancement of efficient and commercially viable ssDSSCs, thereby inspiring progress towards a greener and more sustainable renewable energy landscape.

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The data associated with the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Directorate of Research and Extension, Egerton University, Njoro campus, and Govan Mbeki Research and Development Centre (GMRDC) at the University of Fort Hare for supporting this study. Finally, the authors are also grateful to Professor Marc Burgelman and his team at the University of Ghent for allowing us to make use of the SCAPS-1D software.

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This study received no specific grants from any funding agency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya

    George G. Njema & Joshua K. Kibet

  2. Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa

    Nicholas Rono & Edson L. Meyer

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  1. George G. Njema
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  2. Joshua K. Kibet
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  3. Nicholas Rono
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  4. Edson L. Meyer
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Contributions

GGN: Numerical analysis, Writing and editing, JKK: Conceptualization & Editing and Supervision, NR: Method development and Editing, ELM: Method development & Editing. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Joshua K. Kibet.

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Njema, G.G., Kibet, J.K., Rono, N. et al. Numerical Investigation of a Highly Efficient Hole Transport Layer-Free Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Based on N719 Dye. J. Electron. Mater. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-024-11068-y

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