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Effect of Cerium Oxide and rGO Conjugation on the Electrochemical Energy Storage Traits of V2O5 Nanomaterials

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Abstract

Vanadium-based hybrid capacitors are highly promising and emerging candidates for energy storage and battery applications on a pilot scale owing to collective complementary advantages. In this study, vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and its composites with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and cerium oxide (CeO2) were successfully synthesized by employing the hydrothermal method. The structural, morphological, and optical characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescence, respectively. The crystallite size calculated from the XRD pattern was found in the range of 17 nm to 20 nm approximately. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated the existence of variable oxidation states of Ce (+3 and +4) in the V2O5/CeO2 composite materials. The V2O5/CeO2 nanocomposite material showed excellent electrochemical response as compared to V2O5/rGO and bare V2O5. The V2O5/CeO2 materials demonstrated a higher specific capacity (Qs) of 308 C/g as compared to V2O5/rGO (200 C/g) and V2O5 (190 C/g) at the current density of 1 A/g. Theoretical investigations using Dunn’s model showed that the capacitive behavior of pristine V2O5 was changed into a hybrid (capacitive and battery) and battery type when blended with rGO and CeO2, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial assistance from the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan for providing funds under NRPU Research Project No. 7487/Punjab/ NRPU/R&D/HEC/ 2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan

    Zartasha Sarwar & Sumara Ashraf

  2. Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Umair, Yasir Javed & Muhammad Azam

  3. Division of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    S. Hussain

  4. National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Naveed Akhtar Shad

  5. Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Asim Jilani

  6. Wet Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan

    Aqeel Ahmed Shah

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  1. Zartasha Sarwar
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Correspondence to Naveed Akhtar Shad or Sumara Ashraf.

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Sarwar, Z., Umair, M., Javed, Y. et al. Effect of Cerium Oxide and rGO Conjugation on the Electrochemical Energy Storage Traits of V2O5 Nanomaterials. J. Electron. Mater. 52, 6578–6593 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-023-10587-4

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